The use of ready-made concrete elements in construction is a common practice, which makes it possible to reduce the time and cost of work. When using this technology, there is no need to wait for the liquid mixture to harden; after laying the foundation, you can immediately proceed to the construction of walls.
FBS (solid foundation blocks) are used for the construction of foundations, basement walls, and load-bearing support structures. Such elements can only be manufactured in production conditions using vibrocompression technology. The company offers to buy FBS blocks with delivery in Anapa. Factory-made products are made from high-grade concrete mixtures, have clear geometry and smooth edges, which ensures easy installation.
What is FBS?
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The foundation blocks created to form the foundation of the house can withstand the load perfectly and give confidence that the house will be strong, despite possible errors in construction. They are made from reinforced concrete. Technical characteristics allow the use of FBS both for the construction of walls and for the installation of building supports.
The products are used in various types of construction, and they are very popular. FBS is characterized by durability and strength.
What are they made from? The basis for foundation wall blocks (FBS interpretation) is concrete - both light and heavy grades. With the help of reinforcement, they are strengthened, turning into a reliable building material. Shape: parallelepiped.
The good thing about such blocks is that with their help it is easier and faster to build a foundation and walls, and you can reduce financial expenses. They help to properly distribute the load on the base of the building and make the walls strong and frost-resistant.
How to choose the right foundation blocks (FBS) for construction?
As you know, without a high-quality foundation it is impossible to build a single building. And the strength and durability of the building depends on the competent choice of materials and the professionalism of construction and installation work on the arrangement.
When designing the foundation, it is necessary to calculate the potential loads, as well as take into account the results of geological surveys. The load depends on the height of the building, its structural system and the material of the supporting structures.
Currently, for the construction of building foundations, wall foundation blocks ( FBS blocks ) are increasingly used instead of the traditional monolithic foundation.
These reinforced concrete products have several advantages over a monolithic foundation.
1. their quality and other performance characteristics do not depend on weather conditions (unlike a monolithic foundation poured at the construction site in the open air). The quality of the blocks is also ensured by monitoring compliance with the relevant manufacturing standards (GOST 13015).
2. installation of a block foundation is much faster than a monolithic one
3. FBS blocks are a universal material. They can be used not only for the foundation, but also in the construction of basements or any utility structures.
How to choose FBS blocks
FBS blocks differ in a number of characteristics: compressive strength, frost resistance, overall dimensions, etc. The choice of one model or another depends on the specific construction conditions - the type of soil, the number of storeys of the building and other features of the structures being built.
Tip #1: The quality of materials should be under the control of experts
FBS foundation blocks must be manufactured in a factory. Many “handicraft” manufacturers of FBS foundation blocks save on cement, the quality of crushed stone and sand. The result of such fraud is a lower compression grade (not corresponding to the specified one). Therefore, it is recommended to choose a well-known manufacturer with a good reputation. For example, the main supplier of FBS blocks in the Podolsk region is Podolsk Concrete. Ask your supplier of FBS blocks for a copy of the passport for any batch of FBS. If any problems arise, this information will allow those responsible to be found and punished.
Tip No. 2: Accuracy of the geometry of the FBS foundation block
The more correct the geometry of the FBS, the less money and time you will spend on finishing the walls. The accuracy of FBS depends primarily on the production technology. FBS can be manufactured in stationary forms or using immediate formwork technology. In the first case, FBS have a shape geometry: an even sample - even blocks. In the second case, the blocks will always have a trapezoidal cross-section, because when the formwork is immediately removed, the block settles and the lower part of the block widens. Check with the supplier how FBS is manufactured.
The choice of block size depends on the size of the building, the type of foundation, and the characteristics of the soil where the foundation is laid. For example, in case of danger of ground subsidence under the foundation, it is more rational to use not rectangular, but trapezoidal FBS blocks, which provide a larger support area.
Tip #3 Remember about communication points
When purchasing foundation blocks, you need to determine in advance the places where communication will take place, since this will require FBS blocks with special holes for communication. If this is not done, then in the near future you will have to resort to drilling large holes in reliable FBS blocks, and this is not a cheap pleasure.
Tip #4: Correct size
Typically, the dimensions of FBS foundation blocks are as follows: length - 780, 1180, 2380 mm, width - 300, 400, 500, 600 mm, while the height of the blocks is 580 mm. Special grooves are made on the side faces, which are subsequently filled with cement mortar.
When purchasing blocks, special attention should be paid to models whose length is 2380 mm. The use of these blocks reduces the number of vertical joints and allows you to strengthen the foundation. And this, in turn, allows you to quickly complete the construction of the foundation and reduce the cost of using installers and a truck crane.
Currently, you can make an estimate for the construction of a foundation without resorting to the help of a specialist; just go to the Internet. Podolsk Concrete also has an online store. Visitors to the site will be able to study the range of products provided by companies and independently calculate the cost of the necessary materials; prices for concrete and FBS blocks with delivery correspond to the market value.
the quality of the blocks is also ensured by careful monitoring of compliance with the relevant standards for the manufacture of FBS blocks (GOST 13015)
Source: Podolsk.ru
Features of wall installation
The construction of buildings from blocks must be accompanied by control of each stage of work. The most crucial moment is the technology for making seams between the components. Their thickness should not exceed 2 cm, preferably 1.5 cm. It is necessary to ensure that they are filled and that expansion joints are created correctly. FBS blocks (the abbreviation stands for foundation wall blocks) are not allowed to be laid so that the seams between their first row coincide with the jointing of the foundation.
Placed on cement mortar. In this case, the technology is similar to the method of laying bricks. To prevent the blocks from deviating from the vertical during work, use a plumb line. For correct and level placement during the construction of the first and subsequent floors, they are guided by the axes of the building. Using the drawing, the location of the lighthouse blocks is outlined: to erect a building, they are first placed in the corners and at the intersections of the walls of the future building. After this, you can lay the remaining FBS.
Marking
Before purchasing, it is important to study the sizes of the blocks, their characteristics and what concrete they are made of. All this information is contained in the labeling. A detailed explanation can be seen in GOST 13579-78 in paragraph 1.3. The structure looks like this:
Some factories use a dash instead of a dot to separate numbers. But this does not change the decoding.
In the first position there is a number indicating the length of the block manufactured according to the series. The value is indicated in rounded decimeters. To calculate the exact value you need to subtract 20 mm (2 cm, 0.2 dm).
Advice! Also 2 cm is subtracted to find the exact height. This value falls on the seam between adjacent products. When constructing foundation layouts, it is not taken into account (rounded dimensions are taken, for example, height 600 mm, length 2400 mm, etc.).
The number in the second position shows the exact width of the product, and in the third the rounded height. All dimensions are given in decimeters. The last position indicates a letter indicating the type of concrete used for production (T, P or C).
Examples of notation:
- FBS.12.6.3-T - made of heavy cement concrete, having exact dimensions of 1180x600x280 mm (length, width and height, respectively);
- FBS.9.4.6-P - expanded clay concrete (material on porous aggregates) 880x400x580 mm;
- FBS.24.5.6-S - made of dense silicate concrete 2380x500x580 mm.
Standard product sizes.
Marking by series and GOST will be required when ordering products from the factory. It is important not to make a mistake with this question and not to confuse the sizes (the easiest way is to swap the height and width).
Advice! To prevent mistakes, it is worth remembering that foundation blocks are produced only in heights of 600 and 300 mm (rounded), but there are more width options.
Foundation installation
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First, the axes for the future foundation of the building are broken down. They prepare pits and trenches and level them. If the blocks are laid on sand, no additional work is needed. In case of work with a different type of soil, a sand spread wider than the blocks themselves is required. The bottom of the pits must be dry before laying FBS - without snow and rainwater.
During installation, follow the drawings. At the beginning of the work, lighthouse blocks are laid, the top is leveled using a level. They are fixed using cement according to the principle of brick laying. It is necessary to monitor the quality of the seams. The alignment of basement walls and walls made of FBS occurs along the inner surface. The seams must be unstitched and filled. The foundation is durable and quickly erected.
Density as the main indicator of quality
One of the main parameters when choosing a material for the construction of walls and foundations remains the density of the material. The higher it is, the stronger the building will be. As the indicator increases, the risk of cracks also decreases.
For FBS, the parameter reaches 2400 kg/m3 - this is one of the highest values on the market. For comparison, the use of polystyrene concrete, foam concrete and aerated concrete in the creation of blocks does not give a density higher than 400–600 kg/m3. Considered one of the most durable types of materials, expanded clay concrete, this parameter remains at the level of 700–1200 kg/m3. The closest competitors - clay brick and cinder block - also do not reach the level of density. For them it reaches 2000 kg/m3.
Advantages and disadvantages
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First of all, the speed of construction of a building from foundation wall blocks is of particular importance (FBS transcript). The material is easy to process and comfortable. Blocks may have mounting loops, but FBS is produced without them.
There are different strength classes of the material, depending on the concrete from which it is made: B 7.5, 12.5, 15. There are options for the surfaces of the blocks: for painting, for tiles, invisible during use, front. FBS is a durable material that is wear-resistant. It's easy to predict how it will behave under different conditions. Installation from FBS results in strong, thick walls that are resistant to damage.
The disadvantages include the high cost of the material. In addition, FBS blocks have increased sensitivity to changes in temperature and humidity levels. The cost is compensated by the fact that the material gives results quickly - the building is built without delay, without difficulties.
Foundation wall blocks (FBS transcript) make it possible to erect a reliable, durable building in a short time. You just need to follow the basic rules for working with the material and adhere to the technology.
Material selection rules
Table of proportions of components for concrete blocks.
Nowadays, concrete FBS can be used not only for the construction of the foundation of a building, but also for other needs. This material is perfect for the construction of outbuildings, basements and much more. In each specific case, the choice depends on the purpose.
In order for the purchased material to fully comply with all expected characteristics, it is necessary to adhere to certain rules when choosing it. Thus, the quality of products is guaranteed by their production in the factory. It is better for the production to have a certification laboratory that would check not only the compliance of the blocks with all the requirements, but also the quality of the concrete mixture supplied for processing.
There are situations in which handicraft industries engaged in the production of blocks cannot provide the buyer with a quality certificate for the products they sell. Common sense dictates that it is better to abandon such FBS blocks. Even small savings in crushed stone, sand or cement in concrete production can have a catastrophic effect on the characteristics of the elements.
A concrete block is a reliable and durable building material that significantly speeds up the process of constructing not only the foundation of a house, but also its walls. Proper selection of block parameters and assessment of their quality will allow construction to be completed as quickly and simply as possible. High-quality materials guarantee a long service life and reliability of the entire structure.
