GOST standards and requirements for metal stairs of various types

Staircase as a functional element

Today, there are various types of stairs, but straight flight stairs continue to be the most popular. They are the most convenient to use because they correspond to the natural biomechanics of human movements.

Such staircases can be found in the entrances of residential buildings, in government agencies, parks, etc. In addition, they are the simplest in design, and therefore most owners of private houses prefer them.

Advantages of marching stairs

Marching design.

Today, the most popular designs for private houses are marching and screw. Screw-type ones have a very impressive appearance and are more compact, but they are not convenient. Therefore, they are used as spares or in cases where lack of free space leaves no other option.

Advice! It is not advisable to install such screw models in a house where elderly people or small children live in order to avoid injury.

A marching staircase has the following advantages over a spiral staircase:

1. Its price is significantly lower. Due to their simplicity, many home craftsmen install such stairs with their own hands.
2. High degree of reliability.
3. It is more convenient for transition between floors.
4. It is possible to create multi-flight structures of various shapes, which opens up new design horizons.

Screw design.

Features of marching stairs

1. Consists of marches. A march is a flat staircase with an average of 8 to 10 steps.
2. The minimum number of steps in a flight is 3. The maximum is 15. Remember that an overly long staircase makes the process of climbing difficult, especially for older people.

Advice! If there are more than 15 steps in the staircase, then it is necessary to divide the flight into two parts using a small platform, a multiple of the step (two steps). This creates a two-flight staircase design, which can be angular to save space.

1. The optimal angle of inclination of the staircase is 45 degrees.

Calculation of the length of a flight of stairs

Many home craftsmen are interested in the length of the stairs to the second floor. This parameter is very important, and if everything is not properly calculated in advance, then later it may turn out that climbing to the floor will be inconvenient, and even difficult.

We measure the dimensions of the march.

Let's calculate the march.

The instructions are based on several stages:

• First, you should measure the height of the ceiling.
• Now you need to determine the length of the stair “sole”. Since the optimal angle of inclination of the staircase is 40-45 degrees, the length of the “sole” should be equal to or slightly longer than the height. Let's say that the ceiling height in your house is 2.85 meters. In this case, the length of the stairs should be 3 - 3.2 meters.
• Now let's decide on the width. If we talk about large and convenient structures, then the span width should be about one and a half meters. However, not every home has enough space for such luxury. Therefore, the width can be narrowed a little.

Advice! The span width should not be less than 1 meter, unless, of course, the structure is auxiliary.

Narrow and wide spans.

• The next stage of calculations is to calculate the length of the flight of stairs. This can be done in two ways: Measure the distance from the point where the wall meets the ceiling to the location of the first step.
• Representing the structure as a right triangle, you can calculate the length of the canvas by calculating the hypotenuse.

Advice! If there are too many steps, then you should not increase their size to reduce the number. Climbing steps that are too large will expend extra energy, as is the case with very small elements.

• The length of a stair step is calculated as follows: the length of the canvas is divided by the number of steps.

Correct proportions of tread to riser.

Advice! As practice shows, square steps are not very comfortable, so it is customary to make the tread slightly longer than the riser, which allows you to maximize walking comfort.

Double-flight and multi-flight structures

As mentioned above, there are both single-flight and multi-flight stairs. The number of flights may depend on the number of floors in the house and on the layout of the premises (for example, if there is not enough space, the staircase is made angular by installing a platform in the middle).

However, most often the need for several flights arises when the length of the staircase to the second floor exceeds the permissible standards, that is, the flight contains more than 15 steps.

There are two types of multi-flight stairs:

1. Direct. Their only difference from single-flight ones is the presence of a dividing platform.

Scheme of the rotating structure.

1. Rotary. Most often they are angular. The staircase is made angular in order to save space or for beauty, because such models look more impressive. According to the type of design, there are:
   With a platform located on the corner.
2. With winder steps. To save space, platforms are often replaced with steps whose inner edge is narrower than the outer one. The design of such models is similar to screw ones, but they are still more convenient.

Winder steps.
Based on their appearance, the following rotary models are distinguished:

• Performing turns at right angles (angular). Depending on the angle of rotation and the number of marches, there are: Quarter-turn. The rotation in this case is 90 degrees. These are two-flight corner models that are installed along two adjacent walls.
• Half-turn with 180 degree rotation.
  They can be either two-flight with a large platform or three-flight. Quarter turn (left) and half turn layout.
• Circular, with an angle of 360 degrees.
• Having a curved shape. Most often these are designer models, the main goal of which is not to save space, but to have an attractive appearance.

The photo shows a circular marching structure.

From this article you learned what length a flight of stairs should be, how to correctly calculate the length of the stairs and the number of steps. Designing a staircase is a much more important stage when creating a house project than it might seem at first glance, because the comfort of your movement largely depends on it.

Even such a seemingly insignificant detail as the size of a step can radically affect the comfort of climbing floors. Therefore, you should approach this issue with all seriousness, so that later you do not have to redo some elements of the design or even change it to a more convenient one.

In the video presented in this article you will find additional information on this topic.

How to correctly calculate the area of ​​a ladder

The size of the area may vary depending on the shape of the interfloor level. Depending on this, the area can be U-shaped or L-shaped. If the staircase does not fit into the opening, then you can move the lower part of the structure or shift it slightly. As a result, the span will become normal and optimal.

Optimal tilt angle

The slope of the stairs should be at an angle of 22 to 40 degrees. You can make a steep staircase, but it will be dangerous and inconvenient. If your angle is less than 22 degrees, you need to build a ramp. At the same time, it will take up a lot of space. An inclination angle of 45 degrees or more is possible for ladders that lead to the attic. Therefore, you need to determine the angle of inclination as accurately as possible.

The most convenient way is to draw a diagram of the future structure on graph paper. Draw two perpendicular lines. One indicates the height of the floor, the other indicates the projection of the stairs. Then connect these lines with a third one to form a triangle. This third line will indicate the string of the structure. And with the help of a protractor you can accurately measure the angle of inclination of the future model.

Flight of stairs formula

There are several options for calculating a flight of stairs. Let's consider one of them. It's called the convenience formula. So, A-B = 13 cm, where A is the width of the tread (25-30 cm), B is the height of the riser (14-20 cm). When calculating the slope of a flight of stairs, it is necessary that the distance of any step of the stairs to the ceiling is at least 2 meters. You shouldn't make the stairs steep, it automatically becomes uncomfortable. When choosing the type and parameters of the ladder, do not forget about the size of the house.

How to calculate the distance between steps

The staircase consists of a square and flights. The main elements of the march are the tread and the riser. Tread is the horizontal plane of two steps, riser is the distance between the surfaces of adjacent steps. The number of steps is calculated as follows: It is necessary to divide the total height by the height of the riser. Eg:

GOST 9818-2015. Marches and landings of stairs are reinforced concrete. Specifications

Date: January 11, 2018

Stairs are an integral element of various buildings - country buildings, cottages, dachas, multi-storey buildings. The design and manufacture of staircase structures is carried out in accordance with the requirements of regulatory documents. The main document according to which flights of stairs are produced is GOST 9818-2015. The dimensions of the stairs are regulated by the provisions of the state standard and ensure comfortable operation. The design features of the march guarantee safety during movement. Let's consider the main provisions of the current standard.

Features of the production of stairs according to GOST 23120-78

The main requirement is the absence of sharp parts, edges and protrusions on the staircase elements. The sites and fencing of the structure must be as safe as possible. You can use nuts, washers and bolts when assembling the parts. Connecting elements must have a safety margin of at least 10%.

Fencing for metal structures

After assembling and installing the stairs, check:

• Reverse stage deviation parameter. It should not exceed 10. On steps with a large slope it will be unsafe to descend and ascend - your foot can easily slip.
• Welded joints. Even when using the bolted installation method, the flight of stairs and its landing are welded.
• Presence of rigidity elements. When welding parts of a structure, in accordance with GOST requirements, additional stiffening elements must be used.

Marching stairs are actively used and not in extreme climatic conditions. If structures of this type are installed in a temperate zone, GOST 23120-78 allows the use of steel grade C38-23. Special requirements are put forward for the protection of metal parts. In accordance with standard 9032 74, they must be carefully painted with paint materials that meet the climatic conditions. After installation of the structure, the resulting joints and connections are additionally checked for traumatic danger. Everyone must be safe.

GOST for flights of stairs and landings - design options

Reinforced concrete flights of stairs are installed during the construction of a building, facilitating the delivery of building materials to the upper floors. A staircase is an important structural part of a building, connecting its components with a common power circuit.

The standard provides for the assembly of reinforced concrete stairs from the following components:

• an inclined march connecting horizontal platforms between floors;
• interfloor platform connected by reinforcement to the flight span.

The structures of reinforced concrete spans, consisting of individual elements, are classified according to certain criteria:

• span configurations;
• method of construction;
• design features of the march.

Any building that has more than one floor must be equipped with stairs

Reinforced concrete stairs differ in shape. The following execution options are possible:

• straight. They are assembled in spacious rooms from rectilinear concrete elements. They attract attention with their original decorative design, as well as pomp. Rectilinear structures combine horizontal floor areas, allowing rational use of free space;
• radius. Thanks to the curved configuration of a reinforced concrete staircase, space can be saved in a limited area. The need to manufacture special formwork, as well as the complexity of installation, limit the use of non-standard curved structures;
• prefabricated The composite version includes two separate flights, installed perpendicularly or in the shape of the letter P. The composite design is the optimal solution for movement in a limited area. The design of the staircase allows you to assemble a span without using separate platforms.

According to the installation method, the following options are possible:

• made. Consists of independent reinforced concrete spans and intermediate platforms installed using lifting devices;
• monolithic. Concreting of the flight is carried out simultaneously with the interfloor platforms using common formwork, forming a solid reinforced concrete structure.

Despite the variety of staircase designs in modern construction, it is customary to adhere to established standards

GOST for flights of stairs and landings provides for the possibility of using different types of flights:

• flat. They are marked with the LM index. They represent an inclined span without platforms and transitional (frieze) steps that facilitate docking;
• ribbed They are similar to flat ones, differing in the presence of stiffening ribs in the lower plane. They are designated by the abbreviation LMF;
• reinforced with ribs and manufactured together with the upper and lower half-platforms. Marked with the designation LMP;
• ribbed, made with one half-plate located in the upper part of the product. Designated similarly to the previous option.

Reinforced concrete stairs also differ in the magnitude of the perceived load. They can be manufactured in various designs, which provides the ability to move both clockwise and in the opposite direction.

Types of staircases

A staircase connecting the floors of a large building is divided into flights of stairs, the number of which depends on the number of floors of the building. A flight of stairs is stair steps mounted on load-bearing beams. Landings connect two flights of stairs; this design is called a flight of stairs. The platforms can be either separate structural elements or cast together with the march.

Flights of stairs are divided into two types:

• Monolithic is a standard design that is used in standard buildings and is a complete reinforced concrete block with steps.
• Prefabricated reinforced concrete on bowstrings or stringers are reinforced concrete products that are used to create stairs of non-standard sizes.

By design, prefabricated reinforced concrete stairs are divided into single-flight, double-flight, multi-flight, straight circular or rotary, right or left modifications (for movement clockwise or counterclockwise).

The main types of flights of stairs, depending on the organization of the installation of the span:

• Flat marches, which are indicated on the LM marking. They are performed on a flat reinforced slab.
• Ribbed marches with frieze steps with the designation LMF. They are mounted on reinforced concrete beams, the upper and lower steps are made with a frieze for attachment to landings. Solid reinforced concrete structure on two reinforced concrete beams.
• Ribbed flights of stairs with one or two built-in landings are designated LMP. This monolithic design is convenient and reduces construction time during installation, but is only suitable for standard or specially designed buildings.

Marches made of reinforced concrete can also differ in decorative finishing of different categories, which also performs a protective function:

• smooth covering of structural concrete 15 mm thick using ordinary cement.
• glossy (or mosaic) polished coating with the addition of marble chips on white and colored cements;
• facing with tiled or ceramic tiles for landings.

Stair landings - dimensions according to GOST

Depending on the size of the reinforced concrete flight of stairs, the dimensions of the span change. The current standard contains requirements for the following parameters:

• tilt angle;
• the size of the stairs;
• installation height;
• width of the platform;
• size of steps;
• dimensions of railings.

A concrete march consists of a certain number of steps and a supporting beam

When designing a reinforced concrete staircase that meets the requirements of the standard, it is important to consider the following points:

• effective loads;
• intensity of people traffic;
• brand of concrete;
• design features of the span;
• external design.

Having assessed the specifics of operation, as well as analyzing these factors, proceed to design. Let us dwell in detail on the basic requirements of GOST 9818-2015.

Results

Let's summarize: A comfortable staircase for climbing to the second floor should have a flight length along the floor of about 4 meters with a floor height of the second floor of 3 meters. In this case, the opening must be at least 3.5 meters. Let us add that if the staircase is L-shaped or U-shaped, the length of the flight along the floor is calculated in the center of the staircase. But for such stairs there are some nuances in the calculations associated with the installation of winder steps or platforms.

Therefore, we recommend, if possible, contacting specialists for the calculation and design of stairs. You can judge how professional they are by the thoroughness and detail of their projects.

Every person dreams of having their own home. Depending on the financial situation, the owner owns a two or three-story mansion. Therefore, to climb to the desired floor, he needs a ladder. It needs to be carefully designed.

At what slope is the flight of stairs installed according to GOST

The standard prescribes the possibility of combining various structural elements. One of the most important indicators that ensure safe movement conditions and comfort during operation is the angle of inclination:

• for public buildings and residential buildings, the maximum degree of comfort and safety is ensured by a slope in the range of 35–40 degrees;
• access to attic and storage spaces can be provided with a slope of the marching structure of up to 50 degrees;
• Sloping stairs with ramps and ramps located on the street side are installed with a slight slope of about 30 degrees.

The slope is determined according to the purpose of the structure, location and operating conditions.

One flight is the connecting link between horizontal floor or interfloor platforms

March dimensions

The length and width of the reinforced concrete element of the flight of stairs are indicated for various versions:

• products marked LM have two versions: length 2.72 and 3.03 m with width 1.05 and 1.2 m;
• products with the designation LMF are distinguished by increased sizes - length from 3.9 to 4.9 m and width from 1.2 m to 1.65 m;
• the length of marches with the LMP index with a constant width of 1.15 m is 4.5–5.98 m.

Based on the values ​​​​indicated in the tables of the regulatory document, you can select the dimensions of the required flight of stairs.

Calculation of stringer length

Once we have determined where the march begins and ends, we need to calculate whether there is enough headroom in the opening. To do this, you need to measure the distance from the step above which the second floor ceiling will be located to this ceiling. For example, the edge of the ceiling falls on the third step, then the height of the step above the floor level will be 3 * 18 cm = 54 cm, where 18 cm is the height of the tread. I would like to draw your attention to the fact that the distance between the ceiling and the person’s head should be at least 20-25 cm. Let’s add the height of the tallest family member to 54 cm, increase the resulting number by 20-25 cm and compare.

Now, having received all the most basic dimensions of the stairs, we can calculate the length of the stringer we need. For those stairs whose width is less than 1.2 meters, two stringers are required, and for stairs more than 1.2 meters wide - three. We calculate the length of the stringer using the Pythagorean theorem: length2 + height2 = (length of the stringer)2. 4.052+2.72=23.6925. √23.6925 = 4.86 m. This means that the length of the stringer should be 4.86 m.

When constructing L-shaped marches, they usually encounter various obstacles, walls, and ceilings. In such cases, the dimensions of the treads and steps are determined by the location of the platform. If you choose an L-shaped staircase, then your space is very limited. The calculation of an L-shaped staircase is the same as the calculation of a straight flight. There are some clarifications. The landing should not be less than the width of the stairs in both directions. Even if a staircase with a landing does not fit into the required dimensions, you can replace it with a flight of winder steps. If such a staircase does not fit into the geometry of your room, there are other, more compact options. These are spiral staircases, butterfly staircases and “duck step”.

Construction height of reinforced concrete staircases

The height of the reinforced concrete flight corresponds to the distance from the floor of the lower floor to the ceiling level. According to the terminology of the standard, this parameter is called the coordination span height. It corresponds to the size of the projection of the march onto the vertical plane.

The value varies within different limits:

• the minimum installation height for products with the LM index is 1.4 m, and the maximum is 1.5 m;
• products marked LMF allow you to move to a higher height, equal to 1 65–2.1 m;
• the height of LMP brand elements cast together with half-platforms ranges from 1.4–1.65 m.

Interfloor platforms serve as a connecting link between spans with steps

It is easy to calculate the height by calculation. To do this, you need to find the square root of the difference between the squares of the length of the march and its projection onto the horizontal plane. You should not construct spans with a height exceeding the values ​​​​specified in the guest. If necessary, you can lift to an increased height by using intermediate platforms.

Glossary of terms

A balustrade is a fencing of terraces, stairs, balconies, landings or openings. The structure consists of pillars, handrails and posts, sometimes not connected to a flight of stairs.

Concrete flight - is a load-bearing staircase structure made of concrete. Inside the concrete monolith there is a frame made of reinforcement.

Bolts - with the help of bolts the steps are attached to each other. Since the supporting structure for the staircase on the rails is the walls, they must be made of brick or concrete.

A bolt ladder is a ladder that appears to hang in the air by attaching the steps to the wall using wall anchors.

Spiral staircase is a circular staircase with winder steps. The rotation of such a staircase is, as a rule, 360° or more. In this case, the function of the supporting structure is performed by the support pillar to which the steps are attached. This type of staircase is used to connect an auxiliary floor with the main one, in particular in places where other types of stairs do not fit, for example a staircase to the attic. The minimum opening for a spiral staircase is at least 1005 millimeters.

The height of the staircase is determined by the height from the floor of the lower floor to the floor of the upper floor and is one of the important overall dimensions of the staircase.

The height above the head is the critical point and is the distance from the surface of the step to the ceiling in the stairwell area.

The rise height is the height between two steps. Measured vertically and determines the ease of use of the ladder.

Helical march - this march can be helical or spiral, without an internal support column.

The length of the flight of stairs is characterized by the distance from the bottom step No. 1 to the upper front edge of the ceiling, at the place where the stairs are attached. Measured horizontally along the midline of the flight of stairs.

The winder (rotary) step is a step characterized by the difference in external and internal dimensions. Used to create a turn (turn) of a flight of stairs by 90? or 180?. Groups of several winder steps are used.

A closed staircase is a staircase with risers.

Stringer - is a load-bearing beam for a flight of stairs. The stringer has a Z-shape, with steps resting on top of it. They can be either metal, wood or reinforced concrete.

Combined stairs are structures that combine several properties and parameters. So, such stairs may have metal stringers, wooden steps, glass railings, etc. At the same time, a distinctive feature of combined stairs is their modern design.

A flight of stairs is a part of a staircase, depending on the configuration of which the staircase may consist of several such parts. Marches can connect several winder steps or a group of steps and a platform.

Staircase on stringers - this staircase has steps resting on two stringers.

Staircase on bowstrings - this staircase has steps that “cut” into the bowstrings on both sides.

Staircase on a central stringer - this staircase has steps resting on a stringer, which is located in the center of the flight of stairs.

A staircase with goose step steps is distinguished by its compact design with variable pitch. The staircase got its name because of the specific shape of the steps, which differ in different sizes on different sides. Such a staircase is placed where another structure is not suitable in size. The large angle of inclination of the attic staircase provides a greater lifting height.

The line of movement along a flight of stairs is the imagined line that runs along the flight of stairs. It is most comfortable to move along this imaginary line.

The metal frame of the staircase is a load-bearing welded structure made of rolled metal.

Step overhang is the horizontal distance the leading edge of the top step overhangs the bottom step.

The starting post is part of the fence and is located at the beginning of the stairs. May have characteristic differences, expressed in design or size, from subsequent staircase pillars.

Cladding is the finishing of a reinforced concrete flight or metal structure with wood or stone, as well as the installation of staircases with railings.

Stair railing is a decorative structure designed for the safe movement of people along the stairs.

The support pillar is the main support structure of a spiral staircase. It is sometimes used in staircases for additional fastenings to the floor. Also used under platforms.

An open staircase is a staircase that does not have risers.

Railings - stair railings.

A riser is an element located vertically. Located between the steps.

Staircase lining is a decorative panel that is attached to the bottom, on the back side of the flight of stairs.

Useful width of a flight of stairs - characterized by the distance from the handrail to the support pillar (spiral staircase); distance from the wall to the handrail (flight staircase).

Handrail - is the upper part of the railing for support when moving. Performed in any form.

An invitational step or block step is one or a group of steps that has characteristic differences from other steps of the same staircase. Steps may differ in size, shape, or even shape and size. At the same time, invitation steps are often rounded, which gives the staircase the most presentable appearance.

An opening in the interfloor ceiling is a kind of hole in the floor of the upper floors and the ceiling of the lower floors, connecting two adjacent floors.

An intermediate landing is a landing that is located between two adjacent floors or flights.

The intermediate post is one of the main elements of the fence, which bears the entire load. In this regard, the intermediate post requires very reliable fastening to the base and tightening with the handrails.

A tread is the flat surface of a step.

Clear tread or clear tread is the horizontal dimension from the front edge of the bottom step to the front edge of the top step, without taking into account the overhang of the top step over the bottom.

Wall anchor is a steel fastening element with which steps are attached to the wall.

Railing posts are vertical fencing elements made of various materials. They can be either steel or wood. Forged railing posts are the most relevant today.

Bowstring - represents the load-bearing beam of a flight of stairs. Steps are cut into this beam.

A false stringer is a structural element that creates the illusion of a stringer, located on the side of the opening and used as cladding.

A false bowstring is a structural element that creates the illusion of a bowstring, located along the wall above the steps and used as cladding.

Finishing is the final finishing after which the work is considered complete.

The finished floor is a finished floor on which the material for its covering has been laid (parquet, linoleum, laminate, tile).

The width of the march is the width of the stairs and the fence according to the external dimensions

How wide are flights of stairs and landings according to GOST?

The width of the staircase structure is a serious indicator characterizing the convenience of unhindered and safe movement. The size must correspond to the width of the staircase.

It varies depending on the bandwidth:

• for convenient movement of one person in small buildings, a width of 80 cm is sufficient;
• a reduced size is possible only for structures connecting to the attic and basement;
• a span width of 100 cm inside the living space ensures the possibility of lifting large objects and free movement of people;
• with an increased flow of people, a wider passage of 110–120 cm is required;
• in multi-storey buildings, a width of 125–150 cm is required for comfortable movement conditions.

The decision on choosing the optimal width is made in accordance with the requirements of the standard and taking into account operating conditions.

The width of the tread should be sufficient so that a person can fit an average-sized foot on its area.

GOST for the manufacture of stepped spans

A high safety margin of stair sections and increased resistance to loads, both mechanical and temperature, are achieved by using high-quality material and, first of all, by using reinforced concrete structure reinforcement.

For the manufacture of stair sections the following is used:

• heavy concrete - according to GOST 26633;
• lightweight concrete according to GOST 25820.

Reinforcement of stepped spans is carried out using:

• hot-rolled reinforcing steel rods (class AI-AIII) according to GOST 5781;
• rod thermomechanical strengthened reinforcing steel (class At-IIIC, IVC) according to GOST 10884;
• wires of class BP-I, according to GOST 6727.

Samples of reinforcing steel GOST 10884-94
GOST for the dimensions of stair flights establishes requirements that apply to reinforced concrete step sections, interfloor platforms and overhead treads, which are made using both heavy and lightweight concrete, having a density from 1600 to 2000 kg/cub.m .

All spans and platforms used for the installation of stairs are designed for operation under the following loads:

• for private (residential) structures – 360.0 kgf/sq.m.;
• for production, public and industrial buildings – 480.0 kgf/sq.m.

Requirements for the protection of structures from corrosion
All flights of stairs and landings that are planned to be used in environments characterized by an aggressive degree of impact on reinforced concrete structures are subject to the requirements of the regulatory document - SNiP 2.03.11-85.

Flights of stairs

Section of steps
According to the state standard 9818 85, flights of stairs are manufactured in several versions:

An example of different types of flights of stairs LPM

• flat, without frieze steps (LM);
• ribbed with frieze steps (LMF);
• ribbed, having half-platforms (LMP). The stair section can have two (upper and lower) half-landings or can be manufactured without a lower half-landing.

Interfloor platforms

Steps with interfloor landings
GOST for staircase landings provides for the production of the following types:

• flat – for flat marching sections without frieze steps (1LP);
• ribbed - for flat marching sections without frieze steps (2LP);
• ribbed - for ribbed marching sections with frieze steps (LPF);
• ribbed platforms (half-platforms) for ribbed marches (RBM).

Overhead treads

Overhead treads
GOST also provides for flight stairs and several types of overlay treads:

• 1LN, which are intended for laying on the ordinary and lower steps of the section;
• 2 LN, designed for installation on the upper steps of a flight of stairs, as well as on the upper and lower landings.

Marking of building elements

GOST for staircase landings, as well as for stepped flights, provides for a unified alphanumeric marking of architectural elements.

The first group of symbols indicates the type of staircase element and its overall dimensions (length and width) expressed in decimeters. For marches, the coordination height (vertical projection) is additionally indicated.

The second group of marking symbols indicates:

• for platforms and spans – calculated live load;
• for treads - left-hand design, as well as the type and method of finishing the front upper surface.

The third group of marking symbols means:

• for platforms and spans - left-hand design, as well as the type and method of finishing the front upper surface;
• for platforms - support consoles, garbage disposal openings, reinforced supporting support units.

The marking of architectural elements that are intended for use in aggressive environments additionally contains an indicator characterizing the permeability of concrete.

Dimensions of steps of a reinforced concrete flight of stairs

To calculate design parameters, it is important to choose the correct size of the steps:

• the optimal vertical distance between the supporting surface of the steps is 160–210 mm;
• The comfortable width of the horizontal part of the step is located in the range of 220–300 mm.

The number of steps is easy to determine, knowing the length of the span, as well as the interval between steps.

The number of support pads is chosen odd in the following interval:

• minimum quantity – 3. It is equipped, as a rule, when climbing onto the porch or at the street entrance to the premises;
• the maximum number is 17. Allows you to climb to the top floor area without significant energy expenditure.

According to the requirements of the standard, the optimal number of steps in one span is 15.

Calculation of the stairs to the second floor

Calculation of staircase parameters
In order to correctly calculate the stairs in a room, to climb to the second floor you need to determine:

• The height of the stairs. This is the distance between the floor levels of the first and second floors.

Advice: If the upper end of the structure rests on the ceiling of the lower floor, for ease of movement there should be a gap above such a staircase.

To calculate the distance from the step to the ceiling, take the height of the tallest person in the family and add 100 mm. The recommended working height of the stairs is at least 2 m. This value is constant along the entire length of the flight.

• Length of the structure. Calculation of the length of the stairs is carried out by summing the lengths of all flights and the landing between them.

Calculation of the length of a staircase with winder steps or a spiral structure is carried out along the average length of the flight, at a distance of approximately 500 mm from the railing;

• Width of the structure. Wherein:

1. For a flight of stairs it is:

• for an increased level of comfort – 1.5 m;
• for comfort – from 1 to 1.2 m;
• for stairs placed along the wall - from 0.8 to 1 m;
• for auxiliary products - less than 0.8 m.

1. For a marching structure with winder steps, the minimum width should be 1.1 m.
2. For a spiral staircase, the width is selected:

• for comfortable movement – ​​1.4 m;
• The minimum permissible width is 1.1 m.

Tip: When choosing the width of the flight for a spiral staircase, you should take into account the narrowing of the steps towards its central post.

• Step dimensions: width, height, protrusion.

The width and height of the steps are calculated using the same formula as for the marching step: 2a + b = from 600 to 640 mm, dimensions: 600 - 640 - the average human step. The optimal value is a = 150 mm, the range can vary from 140 to 220 mm, but no more, otherwise the design will be unsafe during operation.

The optimal value is b = 300 mm, fluctuations from 200 to 320 mm are allowed. The use of wider treads can cause the step to be lost, and narrow steps are more dangerous, especially when descending;

• The size of the fencing (see Fencing stairs made of different materials: how to ensure reliability and aesthetics).

The optimal height of the railing is 900 mm, for a spiral staircase - 1.1 m. The distance between the vertical bars should not be more than 120 mm to avoid accidents. The rigidity of the entire structure depends on the strength of the balusters;

• Dimensions of the site, if there are two or more flights.

The length of the structure is taken equal to two steps of an adult, approximately 1.4 m. The width, in the absence of fences, is from 0.8 to 1.4 m, which depends on the size of the available space.

Tip: The width of the platform between the marches should be taken equal to their width.

• Calculation of the degree of the stairs.

This parameter affects the convenience and safety of the design. It is optimal if the angle of inclination is within 25° - 45°. As the angle of inclination increases, the space for its installation decreases, but comfort also decreases. The calculation of the slope of the stairs is carried out by determining the angle between the floor plane and the bottom surface of the stairs: tgᾳ = h/a, where:

1. ᾳ — angle of inclination of the stairs;
2. h – flight height;
3. a – projection of the march on the floor surface.

Calculation of rotary structures

The use of a rotary flight allows you to significantly save space and ensure comfortable movement to the second floor. But it is very important to correctly calculate the rise of the stairs.

Such structures can be: L-shaped, with a rotation of 90°; U-shaped, with a rotation of 180°; with a 270 degree turn.

To determine the parameters of the future design and perform the final marking of the march on the drawing, some calculations should be made. The specificity of stairs makes it difficult to use conventional formulas. To do this, it is best to use 3d staircase calculations. Such programs instantly perform any calculations and display a graphic image in the desired plane.

Calculation of a 180 degree staircase with winder steps can be done in several ways:

• Proportional;
• Danish;
• Sweep;
• Raising the lines.

All these methods provide only approximate data. After sawing the steps, the actual design dimensions may have slight differences.

Tip: If you have doubts about the correct calculation of the winder staircase, you should use free staircase calculations in online calculators or special design programs such as Compass, AutoCAD, Tekla. In addition, using the modern program for the development of metal structures "Tekla", simultaneously with the development of drawings, a complete calculation of the material for the stairs is carried out.

The photo shows an example of calculating a turning staircase using the Compass computer program.

To keep the cost of calculating rotary steps to a minimum, you can use a proportional method based on distributing space evenly on the rotating section of the structure.

Tip: Using a proportional or other method of calculating stairs, you should take into account the standards regarding the choice of tread depth - from 220 to 330 mm.

A feature of winder structures is the different width of steps in different areas, which widens towards the edge. Therefore, the calculation of the stairs for a cottage must be performed relative to the center line, and then in this area, set the width of the tread, which corresponds to the established standards.

Instructions for calculating stairs with winder steps:

• By choosing a scale on paper, a horizontal projection of the structure is drawn;
• A center line is drawn along the bend of the march;
• The boundary of the last straight step on the lower and upper segment is determined;
• The central point or place of support is designated to begin the distribution of the winder steps;
• The line of optimal tread depth is determined from the central projection;
• A straight segment connects the fulcrum with the intended mark and draws a line to the end.

This way you can calculate the stairs yourself for free.

Requirements for railings

Depending on the features of the staircase structure, handrails or railings are placed on opposite sides of the flight at a height of 0.9–1 m from the step level. This value ensures maximum comfort and safety, protecting people from falling.

When designing railings, pay attention to the following standard requirements:

• integrity of handrails at turning points;
• absence of roughness and differences on the railing surface;
• the length of the railing at the beginning and end of the span increased by 150–200 mm.

Having familiarized yourself with the GOST requirements for flights of stairs and landings, you can select the optimal dimensions of the structure. When performing calculations, it is important to take into account all parameters. This will ensure the comfortable movement of people, as well as the unhindered movement of furniture and interior items indoors. A properly designed staircase will fit well into the overall interior and will be used for a long time.

On the website: Author and editor of articles on the website pobetony.ru Education and work experience: Higher technical education. 12 years of experience in various industries and construction sites, 8 of which were abroad. Other skills and abilities: Has the 4th group of electrical safety clearance. Perform calculations using large data sets. Current employment: For the last 4 years he has been acting as an independent consultant for a number of construction companies.

Requirements for reinforced concrete marches

The optimal dimensions of the march and platform are specified in GOST 9818-85, SNiP 21-01-97 and SNiP 2.08.01-89. There are also fire requirements for all construction materials and marches with platforms. The following requirements apply to flights of stairs in residential buildings and public buildings:

• strength;
• seismic resistance;
• non-flammability of the materials used;
• low current conductivity.

Railings are an essential element for staircases.

Fire codes and regulations state:

1. There should be no doors or utility rooms on the march.
2. It is prohibited to obstruct stairwells and the distance between flights with various objects.
3. The gap between the outer edge of the tread and the riser, if any, should not exceed 7 cm.
4. If the design of the flight is of the butterfly type with a cone-shaped trace, then the overlap should be no more than 1/7 of the depth of the step.

Staircase safety plan.

Important! These requirements are strictly regulated by building codes and are mandatory for all types of buildings. When calculating the dimensions of a flight of stairs, deviations from current norms and rules are prohibited.

Marching staircase projects

The structure consists of steps and beams assembled together, representing a continuous march. Some designs may have a landing. The number of platforms and flights can be varied, depending on the height of the interfloor space. The angle of rotation of the stairs can be varied. It directly depends on the characteristics of the space that is allocated for it. The basis of this type of stairs is a stringer, which is a concrete or wooden beam. It is characterized by an increased level of strength, which provides it with a high level of strength and reliability. If the wooden flight stairs are narrow enough, then one stringer will be enough for their installation. The larger the structure, the more stringers are required for its construction. If you are installing a staircase of small width, you can use a solid or prefabricated stringer. If the structure has a large width, then it must necessarily have a solid stringer. If you want to build a staircase that is characterized by grace and unusual geometric shape. The staircase to the second floor can be made of a cantilever type. One of the steps is installed into the wall. As for the second of them, it feels like it’s hanging in the air. The steps are secured in the main wall. It must be as strong as possible, since it will have to withstand quite a large load. In order to make steps of such structures, it is necessary to use the most durable material. Its thickness must be at least 60 millimeters. Cantilever staircases are characterized not only by their attractive appearance, but also by their fairly high cost. Today there are types of marching stairs:

1. Winder stairs;
2. Spiral staircases;
3. Turning stairs.

A universal option in this case is a corner staircase. Its installation is underway. To produce such a design, it is necessary to use a minimum amount of materials. Thanks to their universal design, the stairs do not take up much space in the room, which allows them to be installed almost anywhere. The attractiveness of using modular stairs in the interior is ensured by their affordable cost and attractive design. A fairly popular type of stairs are spinal structures. It consists of several elements. During construction, one of them is embedded in the structure of the other. In appearance, these structures resemble stringer stairs. These structures may have a stringer or serpentine design. The most commonly used are flight stairs with a platform. They have one platform and two flights, which are characterized by the same length.

Two standard stairs - 195,000 rubles.

Material and Labor are included in the price!

Quantity is limited*

details of the promotion by phone. +7(495)7828001

Stairs for private houses, apartments and offices from Marshstroy - an easy rise to a new level of comfort with us. I need it to be beautiful, comfortable, original, reliable and... not very expensive - with these words from the client, the production of monolithic stairs practically begins. In response to his wishes, the customer will never hear that we know all this very well. On the contrary, the employee responsible for the construction of stairs will carefully read your wishes and ask a number of additional simple questions, the answers to which will subsequently help us make your dream come true... The Marshstroy company works on the principle that each object is built as if for itself or for its children. However, when interacting with clients, we have an even greater degree of responsibility - we must capture all your desires, combine them with material capabilities and provide a technological basis for these criteria. The sections with reviews and photographs will tell you how well we do this when constructing stairs in residential buildings. Why do we recommend monolithic stairs? If we look at the history of construction, everything becomes clear without further ado. For example, even Egyptian and Indian pyramids can also be classified as huge staircases that are complex from an engineering point of view. They have stood the test of time for thousands of years for structural strength and retained their aesthetic appeal. And although today natural stone has replaced reinforced concrete, this has only made it easier for builders to build monolithic stairs with a perfect design.

Unlike wooden and all-metal analogues, monolithic stairs have a number of fundamental advantages: 1. Solidity - the entire structure is part of the building frame and provides it with additional stability, which has a beneficial effect on the operational characteristics of the house as a whole. 2. Silence - a staircase in a private house, made of reinforced concrete, has a large moment of inertia and does not transmit vibrations to the elements of supporting structures. This means that it does not spread sounds throughout the house, but, on the contrary, muffles them. 3. A huge variety of shapes and finishing options - a skillfully designed and executed staircase to the second floor of the house is a magnificent sight, both in a luxurious mansion and a good-quality cottage. The ability to use almost all types of decor allows us to satisfy the needs of customers with different tastes and financial capabilities. Types of monolithic stairs Depending on the technological features of the building frame, the Marshstroy company designs, manufactures and installs the following types of stairs: • single-flight straight stairs - a continuous row of steps connecting the platforms of two floors of the house; • curvilinear – considered the most difficult to manufacture and are divided into circular and patterned models; • U-shaped – have two intermediate platforms and three separate flights connecting adjacent floors; • T-shaped – installed in rooms with a large area, representing a dominant element of the interior of the room; • L-shaped - consist of two flights and one platform, require slightly more space than single-flight ones, but are more convenient and aesthetically attractive; • screw - used mainly for lowering and lifting in rooms with limited space, although the lack of space factor is not the only factor that determines this choice of clients. Design and finishing of monolithic stairs The design of the stairs and materials for finishing are selected mainly based on the wishes of the customer. Some restrictions at this design stage may be imposed due to the existence of a number of requirements regarding the safe operation of the facility and a number of design nuances. Finishing the stairs in the house is carried out, like all other work of this type, at the final stage. An important difference between our monolithic structures is that during construction they have time to pass tests. Over a certain period of time, platforms and marches are subjected to increased loads, which makes it possible to verify their reliability in practice. Natural and artificial stone, wood, and ceramic tiles are used as decorative materials for steps. Stair railings and railings can be either cast concrete and finished, or made using balustrades, wrought iron, stainless steel and wood. The Marshstroy company offers to order technologically advanced monolithic stairs, the price of which will suit both interested parties. We know how to make it beautiful, convenient, original, and reliable.

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When arranging a flight of stairs, one of the most important and serious stages that determines its quality is the installation of flights. Their number and type of installation depend on the type of staircase. We will consider the features and requirements for installing flights of stairs below.

Table of contents:

1. Requirements for flights of stairs
2. Calculation of a flight of stairs: features of implementation
3. Arrangement of a flight of stairs
4. Installation of landing
5. Installation of prefabricated staircases

Requirements for flights of stairs

There are several types of staircase:

• one-march;
• two-flight;
• multi-march.

The simplest option is to install a single-flight staircase; they are typical for low buildings. If the number of steps in the staircase does not reach sixteen, then the construction of a one-flight staircase will be relevant for it.

Otherwise, it is necessary to equip a structure consisting of several flights. Its construction will be more expensive and much more complicated. Multi-flight stairs consist of a certain number of flights that separate special platforms.

There is a procedure for building codes that apply to the construction of a flight of stairs. A march is a building structure that is located along a straight oblique line or in a curvilinear manner. The minimum number of steps when arranging staircases is three, and the maximum is sixteen. If there are more steps, then the construction of a horizontal platform is required.

The central line dividing the span is called the sunrise line; its location should be at least thirty centimeters away from the tread. Therefore, the minimum width of a flight of stairs is sixty centimeters. It is convenient for only one person to move on such a staircase. The march requires mandatory fencing using railings located on both sides of the stairs.

The landing of a building is the horizontal part, which is located in the space between the flights. When calculating its size or shape, you should proceed from the average step length of the average person.

We suggest that you familiarize yourself with the basic requirements for arranging a staircase landing:

• the width of the platform and stairs must be the same;
• its length is the length of the flight of stairs;
• when the marching elements are arranged parallel to each other, the platform should have a rectangular or rounded shape; if it is perpendicular, its shape will be in the form of a square.

The most common location for installing a flight of stairs is a multi-story building. It is when arranging flight stairs in these places that structures made of concrete or reinforced concrete are most often used. To perform the full range of these works, the intervention of special equipment is required.

Before installing a flight of stairs, you need to check its quality. This is done in two ways:

• visual;
• measuring.

With the help of a visual inspection, debris, dirt, cracks, and ice are detected - all this is eliminated by cleaning. Using the measuring method, the conformity of the shape and size of a flight of stairs with geometrically predetermined parameters is checked.

During the installation of staircases, each stage of work is carefully monitored, all parts of the staircase are checked, and the installation is completed with welding and finishing work.

Flights of stairs photo:

According to the requirements laid out in special documents, there are maximum permissible values ​​of deviations when installing flights of stairs:

• with horizontal steps - 0.2 cm;
• with horizontal placement of platforms - 0.5 cm;
• when installing elements providing fencing vertically - 0.3 cm;
• in the mismatch of the top row of the roof - 0.5 cm;
• the discrepancy between the horizontal support depths of the sections is 0.5 mm.

Deviations from the norm in relation to the dimensions of the staircase parts are more than 0.3 cm in thickness and up to 0.5 cm in length. The presence of cracks, sagging, rust stains, and fat accumulation on the staircase parts is unacceptable.

The construction of staircase structures begins after the spans are filled with concrete slabs. The flight of stairs is fixed using cement mortar, the thickness of which does not exceed three centimeters. The solution must be high quality and freshly prepared.

Calculation of a flight of stairs: features of implementation

The calculation of dimensions of flights of stairs is carried out taking into account the load on the supporting structures, which are consoles. Since the stairs are exposed to dynamic loads almost every day, the rigidity of the load-bearing elements must be of high quality. The value of their deflection should not exceed four hundredth of one span. To calculate the load on the staircase consoles, the dead weight of the structure should be added to the temporary loads; for a residential building this value is three hundred kilograms per square meter.

Please note that a person uses several times more energy to climb stairs than when moving along a horizontal straight line. Experts say that to correctly calculate a comfortable and, most importantly, safe staircase, it is necessary to double the height of the riser and add to it the width of the step; this value will show the average step of a person. If we take into account the length of the step on the treads, then it is 60-64 cm. Therefore, to determine the tread and rise, you should use this formula: 2 * A + B = 60-64 cm.

In addition, there is an alternative version of the above formula: A + B = 460, in which A is the height of the tread, and B is its width.

When calculating the width of the tread, you should proceed from the fact that the foot should rest completely on it, which means it should be a minimum of 20 cm and a maximum of 32 cm. The most optimal option is a riser height of 15 cm and a step width of 30 cm. If The width of the tread is quite large, then when climbing the stairs, a person will constantly get confused, otherwise, with a minimum width of the tread, the descent from the stairs will be steep, which will lead to injury to people using it for its intended purpose.

The flight of stairs diagram is based on the fact that when calculating the angle of inclination of the flight of stairs, one should take into account the fact that the optimal options are values ​​from 24 to 38 degrees. The space in the room that it occupies depends on the angle of inclination of the staircase. If there is an angle of inclination that is less than twenty-four degrees, it is recommended to install a ramp - a flat platform for descent. If the angle of inclination is more than forty-five degrees, then the staircase is constructed as a folding or attached staircase.

The most difficult process when arranging a staircase with a steep angle is ensuring a safe descent. If the angle of inclination of the stairs is more than forty-five degrees, then to ensure safety, starting along it is carried out only facing backwards.

When calculating the number of steps, factors such as floor height and inclination angle should be taken into account. When determining the exact location of the stairs and the height of the room, it is possible to independently determine the number of steps. To do this, you will need to draw a drawing of a flight of stairs, in which the staircase and its main components will be outlined down to the millimeter. The drawing of a flight of stairs is carried out in relation to the height of the flight of stairs.

The floor height value indicates the distance between the finished floor elevations on the first and second floors. For example, when finishing the floor of the first floor with laminates and the second floor with tiles, all layers of finishing should be taken into account, including the concrete screed. The standard size for the height of one floor is 280 cm, sometimes 300, 270 or 330 cm. In this case, the ceiling height in the room will be 240 cm. At this height, it is possible to install a staircase in which the steps meet all safety standards. If there is a different height of the flight of stairs, you should calculate the height of the steps very carefully, taking into account the size of the riser. If small errors arise in the calculations, it is better to distribute them between the first steps, and leave the size of the remaining steps the same.

When arranging steps of different heights, the staircase becomes dangerous. If there is a non-standard height of the flight of stairs, care must be taken to lower the level of the subfloor of the first and second floors. To equalize the difference between the floor in the house and the landing, the level of the finished floor should be made lower than the level of the landing. In this case, there will be no threshold, and the floor will be arranged in an inclined manner.

Arrangement of a flight of stairs

During the construction of multi-storey buildings, one of the main components providing vertical communication between floors are flights of stairs. Their installation is a rather labor-intensive process that requires special care and attention.

There are three options for the location of the march:

• straight;
• curvilinear;
• in an oblique way.

To easily remove moisture from the stairs, the bottom edge of the flight of stairs should be higher than the first.

In addition, there are several forms of landings, which are:

• tetrahedral;
• multifaceted;
• curvilinear shape.

Installation work on arranging a flight of stairs begins with reinforcing the surfaces; this process will help protect the stairs from heavy loads. Since a flight of stairs is influenced by many factors: gravity from its own mass, people and things that move along it, reinforcement is a mandatory process. Reinforcement of a single-flight staircase is carried out in its lower part, and double-flight structures require reinforcement both above and below, while the upper reinforced section smoothly passes from the landing to the surface of the steps. Due to the susceptibility of stairs to high loads, they need to be reinforced in a concrete wall.

The installation of staircases itself begins after the level masonry is completed. The first span and platform are installed in the presence of internal wall masonry, and the next masonry is carried out floor by floor.

Installation of landing

The main stages of work on installing a staircase landing:

• carrying out work on marking the installation site of the site;
• applying concrete mortar to the surface of stubborn areas;
• direct installation of the site.

To check the horizontal position of the landing, a building level is used. To check the interval between the sites, it is necessary to make a special wooden template, according to which the check is carried out. The spans on the interfloor floors are installed in the same way as the platforms. The installation of a flight of stairs begins with its laying first on the lower section and then on the upper. A crowbar helps eliminate minor defects that arise during the installation process.

Installation of prefabricated staircases

Since making flights of stairs with your own hands is an almost impossible procedure, in the absence of special tools and skills to work with them, it is better to resort to purchasing a prefabricated structure. In this case, we will consider the option with a staircase made of reinforced concrete.

This type of flight stairs is absolutely fireproof and is installed on staircases. Their installation is carried out using cranes, since it is impossible for people to lift such a weight.

The most common option for a flight of stairs is its slope of one to two; such stairs are the basis of almost any multi-story building. At the same time, there are prefabricated structures with a slope of one to one and a half; they are relevant for cottages or private houses.

There are several types of such marches:

• flat shape, on which there are no frieze steps, but there is ribbing of the surface;
• ribbed type with one or two half-platforms.

Their main difference is that the first option uses a reinforced flat pipe as reinforcement, while the second option uses a reinforced beam or stringer.

Each flight of stairs involves the individual production of its own landing. There are two types of execution of flights of stairs and landings:

• left-handed;
• right-handed.

Before starting construction work, you should carefully calculate the size of the flight of stairs and landing. Since their installation is carried out in accordance with the working drawing of the project, which clearly indicates elevation marks, horizontal dimensions and installation gaps.

Stairs, in this case, are installed during the construction of walls. Before starting installation work, it is necessary to check the flight of stairs and landing using a tape measure. Next, their wooden template is made, which is identical to the natural version; it copies the supporting components of the staircase.

Next, the location of the platform is marked on the wall, the solution is applied and its installation takes place. The next process is to check the levelness of the installed site. If the platform is installed incorrectly, then a crowbar or correction using a crane is used to correct it.

If the site does not comply with the pre-calculations, the installation of the flight of stairs will end in its failure or location in a crooked position. To check the accuracy of the site installation, it is recommended to use a wooden template.

The supply of flights of stairs is carried out using a crane, which makes it slightly inclined during the lifting process. If there are no mounting loops on the flight, then a fork is used.

Before installing the flights of stairs, a bed based on a cement-sand mixture is arranged. It is located in places of reference, application occurs manually, using trowels.

To install a flight of stairs, a minimum of three people are required, one of whom stands on the lower landing, and the second on the upper one. The third one acts as a driver. As the flight of stairs moves, the person at the top takes it first. 35-40 cm before planting, the march should be pressed tightly against the wall and directed into the stairwell. First, the lower part of the march is installed, and then the upper. Using a crowbar, minor defects are corrected and the march is uncoupled from the crane. The seams between flights and landings are covered with monolithic mortar. When installing the march in the opposite position, first upper and then lower, it will fall off the platform.

When carrying out work in low-rise buildings in the form of cottages, reinforced concrete stairs are installed in open staircases. To save space, it is possible to avoid the landing. In this case, the stairs ascend and descend directly from the concrete floor. The flight of stairs rests on the surface of a load-bearing lintel or reinforced concrete beam. Under no circumstances should the floor slab be supported on the surface of the slabs. The installation height of the lintels depends on the total thickness of the floor covering to be installed.

The standard appearance of marches involves the presence of smooth reinforced concrete steps, which are further finished with marble or granite treads. They come complete with stairs. Staircases are also finished with this material. Please note that the tread is taken into account when calculating the height of the finished floor. When organizing the entrance to the building through a staircase, the first intermediate platform requires the organization of a basement flight of three to six steps. In such cases, structures consisting of stacked reinforced concrete steps are used.

What are marching stairs

Today you can find many types of stairs on the market. But the constant leader among modern products are marching stairs. Every person sees them every day in the entrance, in photos, posters, in a country house, dacha and even on the street. Often designs of this type are used in rooms where there is a lot of space and there is no particular need to save it. This design is quite reliable and functional, it is easy to move up and down.

What does a flight of stairs look like?

Product Features

This staircase got its name because it has a continuous series of steps - a march. One march can contain a certain number of steps, from three to fifteen. Otherwise, such a design will not be convenient, because it will take a lot of effort and time to overcome the endless number of steps in a row. Most often, a march of 11-12 attacks is chosen. If the product turns out to be very long, it is recommended to divide it with intermediate platforms.

In the interior of the house

What kind of staircase there will be is directly related to the number of floors in the building and its features. There are one-, two- and multi-flight structures, which can be straight or rotary. The design with one march is the simplest and most convenient. It is the easiest to make and install.