We agree that the name “fibreboard” is known to many who have, for example, at least some furniture products in their household. Fiberboard - this is how the abbreviation DVP stands for, except, as in the furniture industry, it is also used to produce other items necessary for the modern population.
We will try to fully reveal the concept of technology for obtaining material and many other knowledge that can help, at least accurately select the same furniture, in the story below. We’ll talk about the very concept of fiberboard, teach you how to distinguish a special product by markings, and reveal some areas of its application.
Fibreboard: manufacturing technology and general characteristics
The creation in question is a sheet construction product. The technological process of sheet manufacturing involves the stage of hot pressing of fibers of natural raw materials (wood), from which a kind of carpet is first formed. The fibers that form the board are obtained from recycled wood using the method of initial steaming and subsequent crushing. As a rule, fibers are separate cells of wood tissue or scraps of these tissues.
Fiber masses are obtained in three different ways:
- thermomechanically, using defibrators and refiners;
- exclusively by a mechanical method, where a break is made indirectly on defibers;
- using a chemical-mechanical method that prevents unwanted breakdown and recyclable materials are boiled in alkalis and special chemical solutions.
The word recyclables is not mentioned in vain, since it is from the waste of processing trees in factories or sawmills and sawing of forests, as well as from technological chips, firewood and waste paper that the raw materials are obtained, which serve as the fibrous mass for forming the board. The felt-like masses are reunited during the pressing process with special presses using various binders. In order to increase performance characteristics, special sealing substances are mixed into the overall mixture: most often these are synthetic resins, water repellents (paraffin, ceresin), antiseptics, precipitants (aluminum sulfate) and other components.
The process of forming a kind of carpet is carried out in an aquatic environment, in the variant of making a wood product of one-sided smoothness. In this version, the panel has one side of a rough structure, on the surface of which you can see traces of the pressing process, or more precisely, the printing of a special mesh. With dry technology in an air environment, panels are produced with double-sided smoothness, both sides of which have a rough surface.
In addition, a distinction is made between treated fiberboard canvases and non-treated ones. The first includes a product whose front side is filled with a special coating. In particular, this is the side that is impregnated with a mixture of dyes. The process of impregnation of the felt-like surface is done immediately before the stage of pressing the panel. An untreated wood fiber special product does not have a uniform fractional composition of wood raw materials. Untreated fiberboard material should not be impregnated with dyes.
Sheet wood creation has a lot of outstanding advantages over ordinary lumber. Such superiorities include the resistance of the slabs to curvature without changing the originally formed shape. This advantage cannot be attributed to wood, which can swell from moisture, bend, and the like. In addition, panels coated with paints and varnishes do not require increased care in the form of additional surface treatment and special care. The increased density of the pressed masses is capable of holding fastening elements: self-tapping screws, screws and nails.
Cement fiber sheets for roofing.
Fiber cement and ethernite sheets for roofing.
Fiber cement tiles and sheets are made in the following way: a cement solution is reinforced with cellulose fiber or wood, and tiles are poured from this solution. These slabs, in some way, became a replacement for asbestos-cement slabs. Both cement-fiber and ethernite tiles are similar in their qualities and properties, so they are completely interchangeable, and, in case of damage , one can be replaced with the other.
Cement fiber sheets and tiles.
Fiber cement tiles and sheets are available in the form of flat tiles or in the form of corrugated sheets. This is a fairly hard material, which is also moisture-, shock- and fire-resistant. The true color of this material is cement gray. When dye is added during production, the shade may change. Corrugated sheets are made in a rectangular shape, side size 1-1.2 m. They are laid one on top of the other overlapping, so the covering area is approximately 1 sq. m.
Tiles are made flat, square or rectangular. The tiles must be laid on the sheathing in the same way as tiles.
Care.
Both cement-fiber and ethernite tiles are quite durable, so it’s enough just to regularly clean them of debris and moss.
Replacement.
Repairing a roof covered with cement fiber or ethernite tiles is not an easy task. If you need to replace a tile, you must carefully insert a hacksaw blade under the tile in order to cut off the screw or nail that holds the tile. The new tile must be inserted under the remaining tiles lying on top and secured on top with a screw. It is best to use screws with a sealing seal, and secure it completely to the entire depth of the hole. It is necessary to ensure that there is a sheathing block below the tile to secure the tile.
Laying a new roof.
The base for a cement fiber roof must be made the same as for a tiled roof. Depending on the size of the roofing tiles, the sheathing pitch is selected.
Wavy sheets.
- It is necessary to start laying corrugated sheets from the eaves of the roof on the left and thus move up to the ridge. The first row of sheets must be laid very carefully and ensure that it lies strictly perpendicular to the overhang of the eaves. Otherwise, the top of the sheets may not coincide with the wind shield, and you will have to cut them. Screws must be used that have a special seal that will prevent leakage.
- If this is required, then the excess part of the sheet at the ridge must be carefully trimmed.
- The next row must be laid starting from the bottom. The sheets must overlap by at least one wave. It is necessary to ensure that the sheets fit snugly at the bottoms of the waves. If necessary, trim corners that are diagonal to each other.
- Using the same principle, lay all the sheets up to the right gable. Make sure that they coincide with the wind shield, otherwise you will have to cut the sheets.
- Place the ridge profile on the ridge.
Flat tiles.
- Nail the sheathing as indicated in the instructions.
- It is necessary to start installation from the eaves overhang. The tiles must be laid in a vertical plane with an overlap. The tiles are small enough that you can move them around and adjust them so that you don't have to cut them at the ridge.
- Each tile must be secured with two 35mm galvanized nails at the top edge, and also at the bottom with another clasp.
- The tiles must be laid at equal distances in straight rows.
- Place the ridge profile on the ridge.
Try not to step on the cement-fiber roofing; it is better to use a ladder and scaffolding. This type of roofing is not expensive and is not difficult to install or repair in your home .
Marking of fiberboard panels: product subgroups
Fiberboard sheets are divided into super-hard fiberboards, hard, semi-hard, and also soft.
Super hard wood presses are quite dense with low porosity. Their density is no less than 950 kg/m 3 and have a personal marking - ST-500. Densities of this type are produced using the wet fiberboard manufacturing method. During pressing, one side of the raw material is primed and painted. Superhard products are obtained by impregnating the raw materials with a processing by-product called pectol, due to which the strength indicator increases by at least 20%. The group under consideration can be divided into ST and ST-S. The ST nomenclature should be understood as pressed recycled materials with increased strength and an untreated front side. ST-S stands for the retail buyer as super-hard fiberboard sheets with a finely dispersed wood pulp coated on the front surface.
The approximate cost of fiberboard canvas measuring 2745x1220x3.2 mm is from 189 rubles per piece. The average pricing policy starts from about 43 rubles for just one square meter, while the length of the sheet can be from 1200 mm to 3600 mm, and the width is approximately in the range of 1000-1800 mm, with a thickness of the panel from 3 mm to 8 mm.
The solid type of fiberboard has a density within the following parameters: 800-1000 kg/m 3, with a press thickness of 2.5 to 6 mm. The solid type of canvas has a variety of markings, it all depends on the type of front covering, the density of the raw materials and strength:
- brand T denotes a canvas with an untreated front plane;
- T-S is a solid sheet with a layer of fine woody substance on the front surface;
- T-P seems to be a designation of fiberboard with a tinted front surface;
- T-SP means that the board has a tinted front layer of fine wood substance.
Semi-solid wood fiber presses have a medium density (about 850 kg/m3) with a thickness of 6 to 12 mm. The produced sizes of semi-hard, hard and super-hard sheet raw materials are identical and depend on the manufacturer. This dependence can also include prices for materials. Solid and semi-solid types of canvases can be purchased at a price of 125 rubles per piece, or approximately 38 rubles/m2.
A completely separate type includes soft fibrous fabrics of the products in question, whose density is not less than 150 kg/m 3, but not more than 350 kg/m 3, with a thickness from 9 mm to 25 mm. Soft sheets are produced without the use of hot pressing. Fiberboard sheets are characterized by high density with low strength and low thermal conductivity. Depending on the product density indicator, DPV are divided into types: M-1; M-2; M-3. The feature of reduced strength limits the scope of use of raw materials, which we will discuss below. Accordingly, the cost of such a product is slightly lower than the above types.
Cement particle board
Composition and manufacturing technology
DSP is a sheet building material made from several components:
1. Wood shavings, constituting 24% of the total mass of the finished product. As a rule, it is made from thin coniferous trees (according to standard 9463) or deciduous trees (standard 9462);
2. Portland cement, which determines the durability and strength of the product, and is a binder, which makes it possible to abandon formaldehyde and phenolic adhesives (65%);
3. Water (8.5%);
4. Various additives (most often aluminum sulfate and liquid glass), the share of which is 2.5%.
The principle of manufacturing a cement bonded particle board, which is a three-layer product, is as follows.
Wood shavings (usually softwood) are mixed with additives (mineralization occurs). Moreover, small chips are used to make the outer layers, and large chips are used for average use. At the same time, substances hazardous to humans are not released into the atmosphere.
Portland cement is added to the mixture, then water. And it mixes again.
The layers are poured sequentially. Then, at a temperature of 90C, primary hardening occurs within 8 hours.
Complete chemical hardening of the concrete component occurs naturally. This takes at least 14 days.
Depending on the purpose of the CBPB, the slab is then sent to the warehouse or for grinding.
Advantages and disadvantages of DSP
This technology makes it possible to create a material with excellent characteristics.
1. The stove is an environmentally friendly material, as it is made only from natural ingredients;
2. It is completely fire safe. At the source of fire, it does not emit toxic substances or smoke. Flammability index G1;
3. The DSP board is sufficiently reliable and gives the wall structures of frame buildings the required rigidity. Its use is allowed in areas of high seismic hazard and in the construction of buildings of 3 or more floors;
4. These boards are resistant to moisture and other negative atmospheric influences, therefore they are widely used by us as cladding for enclosing and load-bearing structures of frame houses. As an additional finish in these cases. It should be primed and painted;
5. This building material has high biological resistance (rodents, insects, pathogenic microflora). The material receives antiseptic properties during the production process. During the transition of cement into concrete, calcium hydroxide is formed, forming an alkaline environment;
6. High frost resistance, which is especially important for many Russian regions.
Where are CBPB boards used?
This material is quite versatile and is used for the manufacture of wall panels, elements of ventilation ducts, suspended ceilings, floor slabs, for arranging floors, for the manufacture of window sills, cladding of structural elements, and other products used in construction.
When choosing a DSP board to solve specific problems, you should be guided by the fact that, according to the standard 26816-2016 (GOST), they are divided into products of the highest (DSP1) and ordinary (DSP2) quality.
In addition, the slabs are divided into three types according to composition and purpose:
1. Wood concrete - made from very small shavings and sawdust. Demanded for the arrangement of thermal insulation, construction of interior partitions and finishing works;
2. Fiberboard - made from “wood wool” (shavings with long fiber). This is a fairly soft material, easy to process and resistant to atmospheric factors and pathogenic microflora;
3. Xylolite (cast and slab). A high-strength material with excellent thermal insulation properties and available in a variety of colors. Used as floor covering.
Depending on the tasks to be solved, we use CBPB boards in Novosibirsk of different thicknesses (the length and width of CBPB are standard and are 3200 - the first value, 1200 (1250) - the second.
In accordance with the recommendations of the current SNiP and SP, it is recommended:
1. To arrange frame-type partitions (cladding), use DSP, the thickness of which can be 8-24 mm;
2. Window sills and canopies over entrance doors are made of DSP with a thickness of 20-36 mm;
3. When making formwork (fixed), the best solution is material 14-26 mm;
4. An 8 mm slab will do an excellent job as a subfloor;
5. The outer walls of the frame house are sheathed (depending on the issue at hand, the load-bearing/cladding element) with DSP, the thickness of which is set in the range of 10-40 mm.
Areas of use of sheet material
Modern production technologies allow fiberboard boards to be given such qualities that they have the potential to be used not only in the furniture industry, but also for the manufacture of containers. The use of wood-based sheets in the construction industry has some popularity and recognition due to the fact that with their help the quality of the work performed is improved and the time required for completion is significantly reduced at a relatively low cost.
Soft-type products, the qualities of which we discussed in the section above, are used exclusively as thermal insulation raw materials for a reason known to us - low strength. Soft felt-like products are used when arranging interior partitions, for soundproofing them in buildings, and also as an acoustic protective system.
The use of semi-solid fiberboard panels is not limited to their use exclusively for cladding needs. Panel doors are made from a similar product, rough bedding is laid under laminate flooring, and even used in the construction of ceilings.
Super-hard fibreboards are used for covering floors in premises of various types, for partitions and doors, as well as for the construction of temporary household and utility buildings. At the same time, a special impregnation gives the canvas moisture resistance.
The previously mentioned treated fiberboard sheets, which are labeled as DFB, have various profiles or patterns on the front surface. This coating is obtained by multilayer printing. In the construction process, such a creation is used as a design finishing material for fireplaces, windows, ceilings and walls.
During construction work, a wide range of modern building materials are used, which, thanks to their quality indicators, last for many years without requiring the cost of repairs and reconstruction.
One of these materials is a cement-fiber board, which is successfully used in the following types of outdoor work:
- cladding walls of new buildings;
- wall insulation;
- repair of walls at reconstruction sites;
- insulation of balconies and basement floors.
Slabs are produced that can also be used for finishing inside buildings.
Composition of the TsVP
Cement-fiber (or fiber cement) panels are slabs whose base is cement (up to 90%), and the remaining 10% is filled with reinforcing fiber and additives. The name fiber cement precisely reflects the essence of the product: the word fiber means “fiber”. In the production of CVP, asbestos, glass and synthetic materials are used as reinforcing additives. Fiber cement, formed in the form of a panel, has good resistance to temperature changes, decomposition, and external influences.
Advantages of wall finishing TsVP
Many years of use have shown that cement-fiber building board for outdoor use is a good insulating material. Its advantages are:
- easy installation;
- low susceptibility to mechanical damage;
- soundproof;
- waterproof;
- fire resistance;
- resistance to temperature changes;
- resistance to rotting and corrosion.
Cement-wood-fiber solid boards are a type of board obtained by combining cement, water and wood wool impregnated with liquid glass or calcium chloride. The second name is fibrolite. Wood wool in this case serves as a reinforcing frame. The appearance of this type of slab is caused by disputes about the dangers of asbestos on the human body. Although scientists have not found evidence of the danger posed by CVP, and they are still being used, fiberboards have been proposed as a reasonable alternative, which certainly do not pose a threat to people.
Fiberboard density marking: F300, F400 and F500. F300 panels are used as thermal insulation of interior walls, and denser grades are used as thermal insulation of walls, ceilings and other surfaces separating the interior and exterior of buildings. Low density expands the range of rooms in which the use of fiberboard is acceptable. These slabs can be used as a base for floor tiles or used to cover special refrigeration chambers.
Cement fiber boards
At the end of April, the annual VolgaStroyExpo exhibition was held in Kazan. Currently, the construction complex of the Republic of Tatarstan is developing dynamically in the Russian Federation. In the republic, in particular in Kazan, housing construction is gaining momentum, and new high-tech industries and social and cultural facilities are being built, the housing stock is being overhauled, and historical and architectural monuments are being restored.
At the VolgaStroyExpo exhibition dedicated to the development of the construction industry, Albert Galautdinov, assistant at the Department of Construction Technology of KSASU, proposed organizing the production of cement-fiber boards (fiber cement panels) in Tatarstan. He emphasized that even today in Kazan and the republic there remains a problem with the restoration of the housing stock; many buildings do not meet modern aesthetic and thermal requirements.
According to him, using suspended facade systems, the problem can be solved quickly. The use of ventilated facades makes it possible to insulate old buildings and give them a modern appearance. Currently, Kazan uses facing material, which has to be imported into the republic, which increases its cost. Albert Galautdinov also noted a number of other shortcomings. For example, he called porcelain stoneware, a very popular material for facades, heavy and fragile, aluminum panels - expensive and fragile, and asbestos-cement slabs - short-lived. All these materials are not produced in Tatarstan, but are purchased in other regions or imported from abroad. To solve the problem, KSASU proposes to organize in Tatarstan the production of a new facing material for the republic - cement-fiber boards. The raw materials for it are cement, gypsum, ground quartz sand, cellulose fibers and a number of active mineral and chemical additives.
In the production of cement panels (cement panels, fiber boards), asbestos, glass and synthetic materials are used as reinforcing additives. Fiber cement, formed in the form of a panel, has good resistance to temperature changes, decomposition, and external influences.
Fiber cement board (fiber cement panels) are successfully used in the following types of exterior work:
* cladding the walls of new buildings; * wall insulation; * repair of walls at reconstruction sites; * insulation of balconies and basement floors.
The calculation and volume of investment will be 10.7 million euros, and the payback period will be 5 years. Funding for research and development work has already been received. Now we need investors.
Types of fiber boards
Industrial enterprises produce several types of CVP. First of all, classification can be carried out according to the reinforcing component:
- asbestos cement sheet;
- fiber cement;
- cement-wood fiber.
According to the manufacturing method, slabs are divided into:
- pressed;
- unpressed.
By the presence of coloring and coatings:
- unpainted;
- with through impregnation;
- with application of a protective layer for painting and cladding;
- painted;
- covered with crumbs.
According to the type of surface of the slab there are:
- polished on both sides;
- polished on one side.
Slabs on which a layer of finely crushed stone chips is applied using epoxy resins are widely popular. Depending on the type of stone and the degree of its grinding, you can obtain dozens of different types of coatings.
Often the fiber cement sheet is coated with a special polyurethane composition, which protects the panel from exposure to ultraviolet radiation and harmful atmospheric phenomena.
Installation of the central heating system
For fastening the panels, the following mounting accessories are manufactured:
- corner strips made of galvanized steel or aluminum;
- window drains, slopes;
- drainage sheets;
- black and white rubber strips;
- protective paint for edges.
Screws or acid-resistant nails are used to secure the boards to the frame. The seams are sealed with rubber tape made of black (EPDM) and white (TPE) rubber. All calculations for fastener consumption are available from slab manufacturers in the form of special tables.
Panel sizes
At the moment, you can buy CVP with thicknesses of 6, 8, 10 and 20 mm.
Standardization of sizes (width x length, mm):
- 800×1200;
- 1200×2800 and 1200×3000;
- 1500×1200; 1500×1500 and 1500×1800;
- 1500×2400; 1500×2800; 1500×3600 and 1500×3000;
Prices
The price of a cement board depends on the type of reinforcing components used in it and the production method.
Average prices for materials look something like this:
| Type of plate, manufacturer | Size, mm | Price, rubles |
| LATONIT | 3000x1500x8 | 660 |
| LATONIT-NP | 3000x1500x8 | 220 |
| LATONIT-P | 3000x1500x8/10 | 330/420 |
| Fiber cement structural board LATONIT, pressed, unpainted for exterior use | 3000x1500x8 | 355 |
| painted for exterior use | 3000x1500x8 | 680 |
| Asbestos cement sheet NP | 1500x1000x10 | 400 |
| Asbestos cement sheet NP | 3000x1500x10 | 980 |
| Asbestos cement sheet P | 3000x1500x20 | 4100 |
| Facade sheet "PROFIST - Color Premium" | 1570/1500x1200x8 | 555 |
| Facade sheet "PROFIST - Stone" | 1570/1500x1200x8 | 595 |
| Facade sheet "PROFIST - Flock" | 1500/1570×1200 | 535 |
(often also called fiber cement) consist of cement (80-90%), reinforcing fiber and mineral fillers. Concrete reinforced with asbestos fibers appeared back in 1901. The Austrian Ludwig Hachek registered his discovery a year earlier as a patent for “Method for the production of artificial stone slabs from fibrous substances and binders hardening in them.”
Today, in addition to asbestos, synthetic fibers and even special alkali-resistant glass fibers are also used as fiber. Research into the development of asbestos-free reinforcing fibers was associated with the fight to ban the use of asbestos-containing products in Western Europe in the late 70s and early 80s.
In Russia, the use and use of asbestos is not prohibited; asbestos-containing products undergo examination and have the necessary hygienic certificates. Chrysolite asbestos has been used by humans for more than a hundred years in many areas of life, and Russian doctors and scientists find no reason to abandon its use. Therefore, cement fiber boards
products produced in Russia are mainly asbestos-containing, while Western products are based on synthetic fibers.
Due to their composition, the slabs are practically non-flammable and environmentally friendly. They are frost-resistant, resistant to corrosion, rotting, UV radiation and acid rain. The boards are waterproof, well insulate sound, and are shock resistant. Cement-based facade panels combine the strength of concrete and the versatility of panels.
The slabs can be sanded (either on one or both sides), through-impregnated, painted with acrylic water-soluble paint, or can be painted and faced on site. Cement-fiber boards are also widely used
with a surface layer covered with natural stone chips, and not only the color (due to the type of stone), but also the crumb fraction can vary. Epoxy resin binds the crushed stone to the base. A polyurethane coating can also be applied to the fiber cement board, which provides high protection against ultraviolet radiation and weathering.
Plates with different coatings can be used separately or combined with each other to achieve the desired effect.
Cement fiber boards
They are resistant to atmospheric influences, and from a technical point of view do not require any protective coatings.
However, the color of a regular cement fiber board
is natural gray, so the panels are most often painted for aesthetic reasons.
Paints and painting methods designed for concrete surfaces are usually suitable for fiber cement boards
.
New cement fiber boards
can be painted both before installation - the slabs are completely primed and painted at the factory, and after it - the primed slab can be left in its original color, but it is recommended to paint it within 2 years after installation.
The most important criterion when choosing paint for a concrete surface is the paint's resistance to alkalis. Most paints meet this requirement. For example, all latex paints are alkali resistant and therefore suitable for painting fiber cement boards
. Alkyd paints cannot be used on concrete surfaces. Also, the paint must “breathe” and allow water vapor to pass through.
To ensure good adhesion to previously unpainted surfaces, it is recommended to coat them with solvent-based acrylic paints. They penetrate the substrate better than water-soluble acrylate paint. The gloss level of acrylic paints can range from semi-matte to matte.
Silicate paints based on inorganic potassium silicate are generally well suited for concrete surfaces, which themselves consist of silicate compounds. Silicate paint has excellent air permeability and is also weather resistant. Silicate paints are always matte and water-based. Painting a too-wet and alkaline fiber cement board
It won't work with silicate paint. Therefore, it is recommended to paint the slabs approximately six months after installation.
The area of application of
cement-fiber boards
is new buildings and structures, as well as reconstructed facilities. They can be used not only for wall cladding, but also for balconies and plinths.
The panels can be equipped with special mounting elements and accessories: strips for external and internal corners (painted in the color of aluminum and galvanized steel slabs), drainage sheets with a special coating, window drains and slopes, as well as spacer tapes secured between the slab and the sheathing ( black EPDM rubber, white TPE), protective paint for edge treatment, etc.
When choosing slabs, static and dynamic loads and internal stresses arising in the slabs must be taken into account. It is necessary to pay attention to the fact that a painted slab absorbs from the air approximately half of the moisture that an uncoated slab receives in the same period of time. In practice, this means that the moisture expansion of a painted slab is half that of an unpainted slab. For this reason, the maximum permitted size of a painted slab is larger than the size of an unfinished slab.
Fastening plates
made with acid-resistant nails or screws to a wooden or metal frame. The seams are sealed with rubber tape (black or natural white EPDM rubber) or aluminum strips of various profiles. The frame pitch, type of fastening and consumption of fasteners must be calculated. Slab manufacturers usually have special tables that make calculations easier.
To prevent moisture from penetrating into structures, a horizontal seam strip (weir) is always used in horizontal joints. When installing horizontal planks, it is necessary to leave a gap between the plank and the underlying slab for free air circulation.
The panels are usually cut at the factory, but they can also be cut on site. For this, conventional woodworking tools with a carbide disc are used. Since cement dust is released when processing slabs, it is recommended to use dust collection systems and respirators.
Produce cement fiber boards
in different countries, the most famous products in our country are (Finland) and “Eternit AG” (Germany). In the widely known panels in Russia CemStone, CemColour, Cynop (products, Finland), Minerit fiber cement board is the base on which various coatings are applied.
Russian manufacturers of asbestos-cement panels: Volna OJSC, etc. Panels reinforced with alkali-resistant fiber (glass fiber reinforced concrete) are produced by ORTOST-FASAD.
Around the beginning of the 20th century, concrete with asbestos fibers included in its structure and enhancing its strength began to be used in construction work. Today, a new material has been created based on concrete, such as a fiber cement panel, which is also called cement-fiber board (CFB). It is used both in the construction of new buildings and in the reconstruction of old buildings, lining the ground floors, balconies and walls with it.
Cement fiber panels
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Adonisgroup Ideal Facade: The company specializes in the supply of modern finishing materials - fiber cement panels (siding) and components for them produced by leading Japanese companies ASAHI TOSTEM, KMEW, NICHIHA for the installation of ventilated facades and interior finishing works. Finishing materials are characterized by high aesthetics, a variety of colors and textures that imitate natural materials, plaster surfaces, and brickwork. The company provides installation services for ventilated facades in Moscow and the Moscow region. . Telephone (Moscow).
"ARTSTONE SPB" LLC: - a manufacturer of artificial facing stone under the trademark "ARTSTONE"®, in connection with the planned commissioning of new production facilities and an increase in the volume of products produced, invites regional dealers - trade and construction organizations - to cooperate. Currently our product range includes: decorative facing stone ARTSTONE®; decorative facing brick ARTSTONE®; STONEPLAST® decorative panels. decorative facade elements ARTSTONE®; paving stones, curb stones, ARTSTONE® fence heads; ARTSTONE® consumables: adhesives, joints, toners, water repellent. (You can get acquainted with the color range on our websites: www.idealstone.ru, https://stoneplast.ru). Telephone (St. Petersburg).
Unidate: I bring to your attention a New Generation material - Glass Magnesite Sheet (GML). This universal sheet finishing material is made from natural non-flammable materials and consists of magnesium chloride, magnesium oxide, fiberglass and perlite - it is an environmentally friendly product that has absolutely no harmful, toxic impurities and asbestos, and does not emit foreign odors even when heated. Scope of application and properties of SML Internal and external cladding; Construction of frame-panel houses; Manufacturing of partitions of any complexity; Floor preparation; Installation of various ceilings - suspended and Armstrong type; In the furniture industry, it is easily covered with veneer; Production of ventilated facades; Permanent formwork; Production of advertising boards and banners This is a reliable basis for any coating, including facing tiles. Lighter and more reliable than plasterboard, non-flammable (NG), absolutely moisture resistant. Indispensable for finishing fire exits, escape routes, buildings with increased fire safety requirements - schools, hospitals, kindergartens - able to withstand open fire. The material is ideal for finishing baths, saunas, showers, and swimming pools as it has high moisture and heat resistance and can withstand temperature changes. Not susceptible to fungi and mold. The high frost resistance rate (at least 50 cycles) makes SML the optimal material for facade work. Does not require finishing putty. Absolutely environmentally friendly and safe!! offers LSU from a warehouse in St. Petersburg, as well as wagon deliveries on order to any region of the Russian Federation. . Phone: (812)4648575. 89533472989 (St. Petersburg).
Structure and features
Compound
Cement-fiber boards are made on the basis of cement reinforced with special fibers, which contains various mineral fillers. Fibers can act as reinforcing components:
- asbestos;
- glass;
- synthetic materials.
It should be noted that in Western European countries, even in the last century, it was prohibited to use asbestos-containing materials in construction. Thanks to this, scientists in these countries have developed reinforcing components that do not contain asbestos. Boards supplied from European countries contain fiber cement with the inclusion of synthetic fibers.
In our country, numerous studies have not confirmed the danger of using asbestos-containing materials for human health, which made it possible to continue the production of CVF with asbestos reinforcing fiber. In addition, cement-wood-fiber solid boards have been developed, which are also made on a cement base, but only with the addition of cellulose fibers. They differ from TsVP in their lower density and can be used for finishing rooms with high humidity, for example, refrigeration rooms or chambers, as well as as a floor base for laying ceramic tiles.
Advantages
Fiber cement panels have many positive qualities, such as:
- High fire safety, as they do not support the combustion process.
- Resistance to temperature fluctuations and ultraviolet radiation.
- Ease of installation.
- Good resistance to various mechanical damage.
- Sound and moisture proof.
- Resistant to rot and corrosion.
Flaws
There are not many of them, but nevertheless they exist: the high price of this material and the difficulty of processing it.
Dimensions
Today, domestic manufacturers produce cement-fiber panels of various sizes. You can buy TsVP whose thickness can be 6, 8, 10 and 20 mm. Standard panel sizes are presented in the table:
| Width, mm | Length, mm |
What is the price?
Boards with a cement-fiber structure can be very different, both in the manufacturing method: unpressed and pressed, and in coloring: unpainted or painted with various types of paints. Prices for cement board (CBP) depend on many factors, ranging from the type of reinforcing fibers and production method, as well as from consumer demand. Below is a table showing the average prices for this material in Moscow.
| Salesman | Name | Size, mm | Price for 1 sheet, rubles |
| Stroy-Krovlya LLC | Latonit fiber cement pressed panel for exterior and interior use | 1500x1200x6 | 390 |
| 1500x1200x8 | 588 | ||
| 3000x1500x8 | 1 470 | ||
| 3600x1500x8 | 1 764 | ||
| Promstroy LLC | 1500x1000x10 | 400 | |
| Unpressed asbestos cement sheet | 3000x1500x10 | 980 | |
| Pressed asbestos cement sheet | 3000x1500x20 | 4 100 |
Fiberboard (Fiberboard) is a sheet material obtained by pressing a mixture of wood fibers and special additives at high temperatures. Industrial production began in 1922 in the USA. Currently, the production of fiberboard products is widespread in many countries around the world. But despite this, not everyone will be able to answer the question: “Fibreboard - what is it?” Let's figure out what this material is and where it is used.
Cement particle board (CSP) - application, technical characteristics, thickness, weight
Cement particle board (CPB) is a universal sheet building material.
It is made from crushed wood shavings and Portland cement with the addition of special substances that reduce the harmful effects of one material on another. The technological process of its production looks like this: a three-layer “carpet” is formed from the raw material mass prepared in the mixer (small chips are placed in the outer layer, large ones inside).
It goes along a conveyor line to a hydraulic press, where it is molded under high pressure. The result is a perfectly smooth multilayer slab.
The use of cement bonded particle board in construction is extensive: it is used for cladding walls both indoors and outdoors, for cladding columns, as a screed for flat roofs and floors, and also serves as an external screen for ventilated facades.
Today, DSP has become a serious competitor to building materials such as fiberboard, plywood and plasterboard.
Specifications, pros and cons
- density - 1100-1400 kg/m3;
- weight of a standard sheet (2700x1250x16mm) – 73 kg;
- elasticity (for compression and bending - 2500 MPa; for tension - 3000 MPa; for shear - 1200 MPa);
- change in linear dimensions after 24 hours of exposure to water (thickness - 2%; length - 0.3%);
- sound insulation ability - 45 dB;
- thermal conductivity - 0.26 W/m °C;
- flammability group - G1 (low flammability);
- service life (in a dry room) – 50 years.
Like all building materials, cement particle board has its pros and cons.
«+»:
DSP is an environmentally friendly material that does not contain toxic substances such as phenol and formaldehyde. In addition, this material:
- - frost-resistant;
- - fire resistant;
- - moisture resistant;
- - soundproofing;
- - non-rotting (due to the calcium hydroxide contained in the slab, the development of fungus and mold is excluded);
- — resistant to longitudinal deformation (can be used for cladding the frame of multi-story buildings);
- — well combined with wood, metal, polymers;
- - easy to process (can be cut, sawed, drilled).
- — technologically easy to install (facilitates construction and does not require extra costs);
- — suitable for all types of finishing (plaster, wallpaper, tiles, painting).
«-»:
- — the large weight and size complicates the installation of cement bonded particle board on the upper floors of the building; special lifting mechanisms are required;
- - relatively short service life (with active contact with the external environment - 15 years).
Standard sizes of CBPB sheet:
- length – 2700, 3200, 3600 mm;
- width – 1200, 1250 mm;
- thickness – 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24 mm (can reach up to 36 mm);
The weight of the sheets varies from 36.5 to 194.5 kg depending on the size of the sheet.
DSP boards are manufactured according to GOST 26816.
Features of installation and finishing of DSP
The slabs should be stored only in a horizontal position, and transported on their edges. The sheet must be secured in at least three points with self-tapping screws, having previously drilled holes for them on a hard surface. The recommended sheet thickness for vertical cladding is 16-20 mm.
You need to work with cement particle board carefully (the large weight and area of the sheet make it fragile).
The easiest way to finish DSP boards is to paint them with acrylic or silicone-based compounds, leaving deformation gaps between adjacent sheets. Since the surface of this material is smooth and non-porous, paint can be applied without prior priming (on the cement side of the sheet).
The use of putty to seal joints is not allowed. A good option for “masking” seams is a sealant - this material does not crack, expanding and contracting when exposed to precipitation.
In addition, you can close the joining seams with metal or wooden strips.
DSP boards are one of the best materials for preparing the base and creating a perfectly smooth surface for finishing. It is equally well suited for both external and internal work, taking into account the subsequent application of materials such as plaster, paint, ceramic tiles, wallpaper, linoleum, laminate, carpet, etc.
Compared to analogues, the cost of cement bonded particle boards is quite competitive. It depends on the size and quantity of the material ordered. On average, sellers ask 700-900 rubles for a standard sheet (2700x1250 mm, thickness 10 mm).
Approximate prices for slabs of other “running” sizes look like this:
- 2700x1250x12 mm - 800-1100 rub.
- 2700x1250x16 mm - 1000-1200 rub.
- 2700x1250x20 mm - 1200-1400 rub.
Sheets 3200 mm long will be more expensive by an average of 5-10%.
From the point of view of practicality and design, the finishing of the facade with DSP slabs imitating brick is very interesting. It gives the building a presentable appearance with a minimum of labor costs. The price of such panels measuring 3200x1200x10 mm is 2200-2600 rubles.
You can make sure that you have chosen this material correctly by reading reviews from those who have already used CBPB sheets for repairs and construction. Practical experience and important nuances of handling them will be very useful to you.
Raw materials for the production of fiberboards
For the manufacture of fiberboard, wood processing and sawmill waste, wood chips, plant fires, etc. are used. Wood raw materials are processed into fiber in defibrators by steaming and grinding.
Synthetic resins are added to the pressed mass as a binder. Their quantity depends on the ratio of softwood and hardwood fibers and varies, as a rule, in the range of 4-7%. In the case of the production of soft boards, a binder may not be introduced, since wood fibers contain lignin, which has adhesive properties at high temperatures.
To increase moisture resistance, ceresin, paraffin or rosin are added to the mass. In addition, other special additives are used in the manufacture of slabs, in particular antiseptics.
Cement particle board (CSP) and its technical characteristics
DSP boards are actively used in construction, repair and finishing work. The composition of cement particle boards includes pressed wood shavings, cement binder and mineral additives. The shavings are usually taken from non-commercial softwood and deciduous wood. Cement particle board (CPB), whose technical characteristics are at a high level, is most often used in frame construction.
Main technical characteristics of DSP
- strength 7-9 MPa
- modulus of elasticity 3000 mPa
- thermal conductivity coefficient 0.26 W/μ
- flammability class according to D 4102 A2-B1
- frost resistance no more than 10%
- biostability class 4
DSP boards have not only positive technical characteristics, but also high performance properties. The strength of the slabs also depends on the density; the dense structure determines the heat and sound insulation properties of the material, low thermal conductivity and high level of sound insulation. Also, the fiber cement board can boast of these properties, the characteristics of which are identical to the characteristics of the CBPB. Cement particle board and fiber cement board do not allow air to pass through, and sound signals are dampened due to the multi-layered internal structure. To increase the sound and thermal insulation properties of the slab, it must be combined with mineral insulation.
The price of DSP may vary depending on the technical characteristics of the material used, but the quality of the finished board will remain unchanged. The boards are flame retardant and non-toxic, which allows them to be used in buildings with increased fire safety.
The technical characteristics of DSPs make it possible to use them in the construction of roofs and facades. Since the boards stabilize humidity and are resistant to microorganisms, their performance properties remain constant even over time.
Cement particle board (CPB), which has quite high technical characteristics, also has the main quality of modern building materials - high thermal conductivity. Thanks to the combination of cement and wood, the slabs are a monolithic material without air inclusions, which contributes to excellent thermal conductivity. That is why cement bonded particle boards are most often used in structures that require high strength and low temperature resistance of the material.
Methods for the production of fiberboard boards
Typically, fibreboards are produced using wet and dry processes.
In the wet process of making fibreboard, a carpet of slabs consisting of wood fiber pulp is formed in water and pressed under heat. After this, the resulting sheet is cut into sheets. The moisture content of such material ranges from 60 to 70%.
With the dry method, carpet formation occurs in the air at higher temperatures and lower pressures compared to the wet method. The result of this production is the production of low-pressure slabs, characterized by a looser and more porous structure and relatively low humidity (from 6 to 8%).
There are also intermediate production methods - wet-dry and semi-dry. In the first case, the slab carpet is formed in water, after which it is dried and only then pressed. In the second, the production of fiberboard boards is carried out according to the dry method, but at the same time the moisture content of the material changes (from 16 to 18%).
Classification
Depending on the form, asbestos-cement and cement-fiber slate can be:
- flat;
- wavy.
For the latter option, there is a state standard, which includes the following size standards:
- 8 waves - 1750x980 mm;
- 7 waves - 1130x980 mm;
- 6 waves - 1125x980 mm.
In this case, the sheet thickness is in the range of 5.8-7.5 mm.
In addition, the following types of slate are also distinguished:
- Pressed look
. A material that is subjected to additional compression during manufacturing, as a result of which it has higher strength, density and heat and frost resistance. - Unpressed look
. Accordingly, it has lower specified characteristics.
Soft fiberboard - what is it?
The material is characterized by low strength, high porosity and low thermal conductivity. The thickness of the slab can be from 8 to 25 mm. Material density values range from 150 to 350 kg per cubic meter. meter. Depending on the density, the following brands of soft fiberboard boards are distinguished: M-1, M-2, M-3.
Due to their low strength, soft slabs are not used as the main material. They are most often used in construction as sound and heat insulating material in the structures of walls, floors, roofs, etc.
Technical characteristics and sheet dimensions
Domestic manufacturers produce CBPBs of uniform sizes.
- Length . It ranges from 2.7 to 3.2 m. Three-meter slabs are most in demand.
- Width - 1.25 m.
- Thickness _ The parameters range from 8 to 36 mm. The greatest demand is for products whose thickness is 10, 16 or 20 mm.
The weight will vary depending on the thickness and length.
Technical properties:
The thickness of the slab determines in what construction area it will be used:
Solid fiberboard options
The density of solid slabs ranges from 800 to 1000 kg per cubic meter. meter (high rates for fiberboard). Carpet thickness sizes range from 2.5 to 6 mm on average. These fiberboard sheets are used to produce the back walls of furniture, panel doors and a number of other products.
Solid fiberboard sheets, depending on density, strength and type of front side, are divided into the following grades:
- T - slab, the front surface of which is not refined;
- T-S - has a front layer made of fine wood pulp;
- T-V - has an untreated front surface and is characterized by increased water resistance;
- T-SV - the front layer of the material is made of a finely dispersed mass, the material is characterized by increased water resistance;
- T-P - the front layer of the slab is tinted;
- T-SP - has a tinted front layer of finely dispersed mass;
- NT is a material characterized by reduced density.
4.8. FIBER CEMENT SHEETS
Fiber-cement sheets of the CEI profile (6 waves) have asymmetrical edges, which makes the use of sheet area more efficient.Volna-Color roofing sheets are produced based on CE-51/177 sheets.
Installation
When installing roofs made of fiber-cement sheets (182) profile 51/177, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of TU 5781-001-5880 2002, SNiP I-26-76 (clauses 3.4, 3.5, 5.8) and the present “Recommendations for roof installation”.
In addition, sheets with a length of 1250 mm are produced* with a protective and decorative coating of various sizes[
Stacks of sheets should be stored on unfilled horizontal areas, protected from precipitation and direct sunlight, ensuring the safety of the product and meeting the requirements of current safety regulations.
The basic principles of the device are covered
1. Cement-fiber wavy pits are allowed to cover pitched buildings of all owls with a roof slope of 10% or more.
2. Corrugated sheets are laid on top of a lathing made of wooden blocks with a cross-section of at least 60×60 mm. The eaves block should have a height of 66 mm. All odd-numbered bars should have a height of 60 mm, and even 63 mm. For uniformity, 60×60 bars are usually taken; they can also be used as even ones, but they need to be increased, for example, by laying 3 mm thick planks on the rafters. On this basis, the longitudinal overlap of the sheets will be dense and the sheets will lie firmly on the sheathing bars. The sheathing pitch should be at least 500 mm and no more than 750 mm (check with specialists for more details).
3. Fastening of sheets to wooden blocks is carried out with nails with galvanized heads, and sheets with a protective and decorative coating - with nails or screws with decorative heads to match the color of the sheet coating.
4. Sheets are stacked with obligatory overlap
volume: in the transverse direction only roofing paper overlaps
to the edge of the wave being overlapped, in the longitudinal
control - from 120 to 200 mm, depending on the control unit
roof bosom (recommended 160 mm).
It is necessary to trim the corners of the overlapped and overlapped edges (183). For ordinary roofing sheets, cut off diagonally opposite corners; for ridge sheets, cut off one of the corners; for the initial eaves and end ridge sheets, the corners are not cut off.
Cutting the corners of the sheets is done with a hand saw in a miter box or with a circular electric saw.
5. A valley must be installed on the inner corners of the roof before installation
6. They begin to cover the roof in a row from right to left or left to right (depending on the direction of the wind) and from bottom to top ( 185).
Each sheet is fastened through pre-drilled holes in the sheet to the sheathing with nails, the diameter of the hole is 2 mm larger than the diameter of the nail.
Pre-drilling a hole for a nail or screw is mandatory. To avoid premature cracking of the sheets, you cannot pull them “tightly” to the roof sheathing (the gap between the sheet and the nail head is 3-4 mm), in addition, it must be remembered that fiber cement sheets do not have sufficient flexibility to hide obvious defects in the sheathing .
It is recommended to cover both roof slopes from the same gable, and special attention should be paid to the coincidence of the waves on opposite roof slopes. At 186-188 options for fastening ridge elements are presented. The CE ridge is used for CE sheets.
A flat-fit ridge can also be used for corrugated sheets (see 187).
For roofs with a slope of more than 45°, an arched part is offered (see 188).
7. Decorative corners will provide waterproofing of the roof at angles greater than 90° and can be used as a ridge element.
8. 189 presents options for sealing the front of the roof using a special gable board, corner board or flat board cut to fit.
9. The end of the roof (front board) is finished using a flat board, cut from the wrong side to size according to the location, or a corner hem nailed to the rafters.
10. The parts connecting to the wall make angles of 90 degrees or more using the following method 190.
11. It is possible to replace all parts for the edge specified in this instruction with similar metal ones with a thickness of 0.55-0.7 mm, painted with powder paints.
12. For cutting and drilling sheets, use: hand-held electric tools: disk drill or other tool.
13. Loading and unloading sheets, packed! on pallets or in bags, carried out using cranes and forklifts with a lifting capacity of at least 5 tons. To preserve the sheets during loading and loading, gripping devices are used - rigid traverses. When using slings, it is advisable to use wooden spacers within the contact area.
14. For sheets and roofing parts with a protective coating, during loading and unloading operations, installation and other movements, do not allow friction against each other, impacts, or exposure to aggressive substances (acids, alcohols, fuels and lubricants). Any protective and decorative coating laid should be stored under a canopy, excluding sudden temperature changes and exposure to sunlight and precipitation.
Super hard slabs
This material is characterized by high quality workmanship, ease of processing and ease of installation. It has an increased density, the values of which are at least 950 kg per cubic meter. meter. The material acquires high hardness by impregnating the fiberboard sheet with pectol. What it is? Pectol is a by-product from the processing of tall oil. Superhard boards are used for construction purposes for the manufacture of doors, arches, partitions, and for the production of various types of fiberboard containers. On the floor are used to make floor coverings.
Roofing made of corrugated asbestos cement sheets
(corrugated asbestos plywood) Corrugated asbestos plywood (Fig. 1) is widely used in roofing and is a cheap and durable material. According to GOST, sheets of corrugated asbestos plywood have a size of 1.2 x 0.67 m with a thickness of 5.5 mm; sheet weight 9.0 kg. GOST also standardizes lighter sheets 55.3 x 80.0 cm weighing 4.8 kg and 55.3 x 120.0 cm weighing 7.2 kg.
The sheets are laid on a sheathing of 5 X 5 m bars with an overlap of 10 cm in the direction of the slope, and in the direction perpendicular to it - by half a wave. The sheets are attached to the sheathing with galvanized screws 88 mm long with washers made of roofing felt.
The screws are located on the ridges. The holes for the screws are twice the thickness of the screws. The valleys are covered with galvanized iron, the ridge and descent are covered with specially shaped templates. For 1 m2 of roofing you need 1 1/2 sheets of asbestos plywood. For roofs made of corrugated asbestos-cement sheets, suspended metal or asbestos-cement gutters are used to collect water.
Asbestos-cement roofs: 1 - from corrugated asbestos-cement sheets; 2 - made of asbestos cement tiles
Corrugated asbestos cement slabs
Corrugated asbestos-cement slabs have a great advantage over eternit due to their large size and rigidity. For civil buildings, the ordinary “VO” profile is used with a thickness of 5.5 mm, sheet size 1,200 X 678 mm; the weight of one sheet is 8.5 kg.
Special profiles are made to cover the ridge, ribs and valleys. The sheets are laid with an overlap of 100-140 mm, depending on the slope of the roof, over a sheathing of boards or bars laid at intervals of 400-600 mm. Adjacent sheets have a half-wave overlap. They are attached to the sheathing with screws 75-78 mm long, 3-4 pieces on each side of the sheet with a spacer on putty washers made of borulin or roofing felt. The holes are made larger than the diameter of the screw to allow deformation of the sheet of roofing felt and roofing felt.
For buildings of class II and III, roofing felt is used. Temporary buildings and auxiliary structures are usually covered with roofing felt. Ruberoid roofing is spread over double plank flooring. For slopes of 15% and steeper, the roof is made of two layers; with slopes of 5-15% - three-layer, with the lower one or two layers made of glassine, and the upper ones from roofing felt.
Treated fibreboards (DVPO)
The distinctive advantages of ennobled fiberboards are their beautiful appearance, high resistance to abrasion and moisture. In the production of this type of board, a technology is used that involves applying a multilayer coating to the front side. After careful processing, a primer layer is applied to the surface to create the background part. Then a design is printed that imitates the structure of wood.
Treated slabs are used to make doors, as a material for finishing ceilings and walls, etc. They are also used to make various internal furniture parts (bottom and back walls of cabinets, drawers, etc.).
Amphibolin
Suitable substrates
Substrates must be strong, dry, free from contamination and separating substances.
Substrate preparation
External surfaces:
Mineral plasters of mortar groups P II and P III : allow new plasters to cure sufficiently and coat them, usually after 2 weeks, drying at a temperature of about 20°C and a relative humidity of 65%. In unfavorable weather conditions caused, for example, by rain and wind, the drying time of the plaster layer increases accordingly. By additionally priming with CapaGrund Universal, the risk of limescale efflorescence on the surface is reduced when using plasters with high alkalinity of groups P II and P III, so that the coating can be completed after 7 days.
Old plasters: repair putty areas must bond well and dry. Large porous, absorbent and lightly sandy plasters should be primed with OptiGrund ELF/ OptiSilan Tiefgrund or CapaSol RapidGrund. Prime highly absorbent and chalking substrates with Dupa-grund/Dupa-Putzfestiger. Light mineral plasters of mortar group P II should be coated with materials from the Sylitol® series or silicone materials.
Concrete : Concrete bases with dirt deposits or a chalking crumbling layer should be cleaned mechanically or with high-pressure water jets in compliance with legal requirements. On poorly absorbent and smooth substrates, apply Amphibolin primer, diluting with a maximum of 5% water. Prime highly absorbent substrates with OptiGrund ELF/ OptiSilan Tiefgrund or CapaSol RapidGrund. Prime chalking substrates with Dupa-grund/Dupa-Putzfestiger.
Uncoated fibre-cement boards: Prime surface-compacted, low-absorbent sheets with Dupa-Haftgrund. Dilapidated, sandy and highly absorbent slabs should be primed with Dupa-grund/Dupa-Putzfestiger. Process the dismantled slabs completely, including the edges and the reverse side. When covering asbestos-cement boards, observe the instructions in leaflet BFS No. 14. On new cement fiber boards with high alkalinity, prime with Disbon 481 EP-Uniprimer to prevent subsequent efflorescence.
Fiber cement boards with silicate coatings, e.g. glass panels: check the load-bearing capacity of the coating. Prime with Disbon 481 EP-Uniprimer.
Cement-bonded particle boards: Due to the high alkalinity of cement-bonded particle boards, a primer coat must be applied to prevent limescale efflorescence with Disbon 481 EP-Uniprimer.
Load-bearing paint and varnish coatings: Roughen glossy surfaces, varnish and enamel coatings. Clean contaminated, chalking old coatings with high-pressure water jets, rinse by hand or clean in another suitable way in compliance with legal requirements. Apply Amphibolin primer, diluted to a maximum of 5% water.
Cap - elast material systems : Clean dirty, chalking old coatings with high-pressure water jets, rinse by hand or clean in another suitable way in compliance with legal requirements. Allow the base to dry thoroughly. To cover such substrates, Amphibolin should be used exclusively in white or pastel shades with a lightness index of more than 60.
Load-bearing plasters based on artificial resins: Clean old plasters using a suitable method. Carry out wet cleaning in compliance with legal regulations, and allow the surfaces to dry thoroughly before further treatment. Primer coat with Amphibolin, diluted to a maximum of 5% water.
Enamels, varnishes, dispersion paints and plasters based on artificial resins that have lost their load-bearing capacity: remove without residue using a suitable method, for example mechanically or by etching, followed by cleaning with high-pressure water jets in compliance with legal requirements. Prime with Amphibolin, diluting to a maximum of 5% water. Prime highly absorbent chalking substrates with Dupa-grund/Dupa-Putzfestiger.
Mineral coatings without load-bearing capacity: remove without residue by sanding, brushing, scraping, water jets in accordance with legal requirements or other suitable means. Allow the base to dry thoroughly before further processing. Prime with Dupa-grund/Dupa-Putzfestiger.
Uncoated wood without preserving its geometric shapes: for new wood, remove resin and tars that have come to the surface. Wash tropical oily woods with nitro solvent. Remove weathered layers from old wood until it becomes healthy wood. Humidity should be no more than 12% for hardwood, no more than 15% for softwood. Apply the primer coat with Capalac Holz-Imprägniergrund. On wood prone to pigmentation, apply an intermediate insulating coating of Capacryl Holz-IsoGrund.
Galvanized bases: Clean. Primer coat with Amphibolin, diluted to a maximum of 5% water. With colored coatings on galvanized substrates, white efflorescence may appear due to exposure to high humidity. They should be removed dry and an additional layer of Amphibolin should be applied.
Hard PVC: clean and sand. Primer coat with Amphibolin, diluted to a maximum of 5% water.
Polymer coating Coil - Coating : clean with an ammonia solution with the addition of detergents. Primer coat with Amphibolin. Attention: polymer coatings containing silicone cannot be painted. Due to the fact that it is not always possible to establish this on a construction site, a test application should always be carried out to check for adhesion.
Ceramic and facing masonry: Only masonry made from frost-resistant facing stone or clinker without foreign inclusions is suitable for painting. The brickwork must be free of cracks at the seams, dry and free of efflorescence. The primer coat should be made with Amphibolin diluted to a maximum of 5% water. If brown spots appear on the surface after applying the primer layer, apply the finishing coat with solvent paint.
Substrates clogged with industrial gases or soot: paint with solvent-based façade paint.
Substrates affected by fungi or algae: paint with special fungicidal and algaecidal paint Amphibolin-W.
Plasters or concrete with cracks: cover with Cap-elast series materials.
Substrates with efflorescence: Remove efflorescence using a dry brush. Prime with Dupa-grund/Dupa-Putzfestiger. When applying coatings on surfaces with efflorescence, long-term adhesion cannot be guaranteed due to the possibility of repeated efflorescence, which worsens adhesion under the paint layer.
Substrates with defects: Fill small defects with Caparol Fassaden-Feinspachtel. Large defects up to 20 mm should be repaired with Histolith-Renovierspachtel. Prime the putty areas.
Internal bases:
Porous concrete: Apply Capaplex primer, diluted 1:3 with water.
Mineral plasters of mortar groups P II and P III : Durable plasters with normal absorbency, coatable without pre-treatment. Large porous, lightly sandy, absorbent plasters should be primed with OptiGrund ELF/ OptiSilan Tiefgrund or CapaSol RapidGrund.
Gypsum plasters of group P IV : Sand gypsum plasters with sinter and remove dust, apply a primer coat of Caparol Tiefgrund TB.
Gypsum fiber board: Prime highly absorbent substrates with OptiGrund ELF/ OptiSilan Tiefgrund or Caparol Tiefgrund TB.
Drywall: grind off putty beads and burrs. Secure soft areas of gypsum putty with Caparol-Tiefgrund TB. Prime sheets with pigment spots from water-soluble ingredients with Caparol AquaSperrgrund. Follow the instructions in BFS Leaflet No. 12.
Concrete: remove possible separating substances such as chalking and crumbling substances.
Application method
Designed for application by brush, roller or airless spray equipment. When applying by spraying on weak and non-absorbent substrates, prime with CapaGrund Universal. Airless spraying Spray angle: 50° Nozzle: 0.017 – 0.021″ Pressure: 150 – 180 bar
Coating structure
Primer and intermediate coats should be made with Amphibolin diluted with a maximum of 5% water. the final coat with Amphibolin undiluted or diluted to a maximum of 5% water. On rough substrates for application of primer, intermediate and finishing coats, dilute by 5% and roll out well.
Consumption
OK. 120 ml/m2 per 1 layer on a smooth base. On rough surfaces it is correspondingly greater.
The exact consumption is determined by trial application.
Conditions of use
Lower temperature limit during processing and drying: the temperature of the air and the base must be above +5°C.
Drying/drying time
At +20°C and a relative air humidity of 65%, it dries on the surface in 4 – 6 hours and is ready for further processing; after 24 hours it is resistant to rain. Dries and is able to bear loads in about 3 days. At lower temperatures and high humidity, drying time increases accordingly.
Cleaning instruments
Rinse instruments with water immediately after use.
Comment
To avoid the formation of noticeable joints in individual areas of the painted surface, apply using the “wet on wet” method in one pass. Not intended for use on horizontal substrates with water load. On rough, textured substrates on the outside, it is recommended for optical reasons to use matte facade paints such as Muresko, AmphiSilan or Sylitol. When applying by airless spraying, mix the paint well and pass through a sieve.
When using Caparol-Tiefgrund TB indoors, a typical solvent odor may be emitted. In this regard, provide good ventilation. For sensitive areas, use the aromatic-free and low-odor AmphiSilan-Putzfestiger/Dupa-Putzfestiger. On facades that, due to specific site conditions or due to natural weather conditions, are exposed to greater than usual exposure to moisture, there is an increased risk of damage by fungi and algae. For this reason, we recommend our special materials ThermoSan, Amphibolin-W for substrates susceptible to this influence. These materials contain an active substance that prevents the growth of fungi and algae over time.
In dark shades, mechanical action leads to the appearance of light marks on the surface (writing effect). This is a specific property of all matte facade paints.
With dense and cool substrates or with delayed drying due to weather conditions due to damp load (rain, frost, fog), pigment or transparent, semi-gloss and adhesive auxiliary substances may appear on the surface of the coating in the form of drips. Excipients are water-soluble and can be removed with water in sufficient quantities, for example, independently after several heavy rains. This will not have a negative impact on the quality of the dried coating. If, however, direct processing of such a base must be carried out, in this case, the secretions/auxiliary substances must first be moistened and, after a short exposure time, rinsed off without leaving any residue. Then carry out additional priming with Grund Universal material. When the coating is applied under suitable climatic conditions, such streaks will not appear.
